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Definition
involving both sending and receiving simultaneously |
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Characteristics of an Effective Team- |
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| clear, elevating goal; results driven structure; competent team members; unified commitment; collaborative climate; standards of excellence; external support and recognition; principled leadership |
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Characteristics of Effective Team Members-
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| experienced, problem-solving ability, openness, supportiveness, action oriented, positive personal style, positive overall team perceptions |
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Advantages of Working in Groups and Teams-
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| offer more resources; stimulate creativity; support learning and comprehension; foster commitment and satisfaction with decisions; enhance feedback and self-understanding |
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Disadvantages of Working in Small Groups and Teams- |
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| pressure to conform; groupthink: the illusion of agreement exhibited by group members who try to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critically testing, analyzing, and evaluating ideas; dominant group members; reliance on others; involves more time |
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| a group (such as a family or friends) that fulfills people’s needs to associate with others |
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| a group that exists to a accomplish a task or achieve a goal ( problem-solving groups, decision-making groups, study groups, therapy groups, committees, focus groups) |
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| groups that are not together in the same physical location (telephone conferences, e-mail, video conferences, electronic meeting systems, web pages) |
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Problem-oriented competencies-
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| the communication skills of defining and analyzing a problem |
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Solution-oriented competencies- |
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| the communication skills of identifying solution criteria, and generating and evaluating solutions |
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Discussion-management competencies- |
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| the communication skills that help a group maintain a focus on the task and mange interaction |
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| small group communication competencies that help a group manage conflict and maintain a positive group climate |
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the power of a theory to explain things |
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| the ability of a theory to predict events |
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| a theory that describes group behavior in terms of input, processes, and output |
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Definition
| a description of human relationships in terms of costs and rewards or processes and losses |
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Symbolic convergence theory-
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| the theory that a group develops a shared consciousness and identity through the sharing of fantasies or stories, which are often chained together and have a common theme |
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| a general framework that explains how people use rules and resources to interact in a social system, focuses attention on individuals’ behaviors rather than on the dynamics of the group |
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| developed by Gouran and Hirokawa, effective group problem soving and decision making are most likely to occur when (1) group members attempt to satisfy task requirements (including understanding the issue to be resolved, the characteristics of acceptable solutions, and what constitutes realistic alternatives, examining the alternatives, and selecting the alternative most likely to satisfy the requirements of the problem), (2) group members use communication to overcome constraints such as stress from deadlines, interpersonal conflict, or self0serving interaction, (3) group members take the time to review the process through which they arrived at choices and, if necessary, reconsider their choice; function: the effect or consequence of a given heavier within a group system; functional approach: an approach to problem solving that emphasizes the performance of certain activities and emphasizes the performance of certain activities and effective communication to accomplish a group goal; functional perspective: a view of leadership that assumes all group members can initiate leadership behaviors |
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Definition
| the degree to which members share the same level of commitment to a group or team |
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Term
| Interpersonal Attraction- |
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Definition
| Often people are attracted to groups because they are attracted to the people in the groups, there are four main factors that influence interpersonal attraction: similarity, complementarity, proximity/contact/interaction, and physical attractiveness; interpersonal need: a human need that can be fulfilled by others |
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Term
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Definition
| - Although individuals may be attracted to the members who compose a group, they may also be attracted to the group itself. Such attraction usually depends on a mutual interest in the group’s activities, goals, or the desirability of membership (prestige/status of group) |
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Term
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Definition
Stages of group formation devised by Bruce Tuckman
1. Forming- anxiety and cautious behavior demonstrated by members
2. Storming- competition, individuality, and conflict emerge as members attempts to satisfy individual needs
3. Norming- conflict resolution, negotiation of group guidelines
4. Performing- cooperation, productive work
5. Adjourning- end of involvement, task has been completed |
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Term
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Definition
| - a question that asks whether something is true or false or did or did not occur |
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| a question that asks whether something is likely to occur under certain circumstances |
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| a question that asks whether something is good or bad or right or wrong |
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| a question that asks about a course of action or a change in a procedure or behavior |
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| the method of arriving at a general conclusion through the use of specific instances or examples |
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| the process of reasoning from a general statement or principle to a specific conclusion |
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| relating two or more events in such a way as to conclude that one event caused the other |
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| a role a member assumes to help accomplish the group’s mission |
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| roles that influence a group’s social atmosphere |
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| roles characterized by behavior that calls attention to individual contributions of group members |
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| a standard that determines appropriate and inappropriate behavior |
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| an individual’s importance |
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Definition
| legitimate power: stems from a group member’s ability to influence others because of being elected, appointed, or selected to exert control over a group; referent power: the power of interpersonal attraction, people we like have more power over us than those we do not like; expert power: stems from a group member’s ability to influence others based on the knowledge and information the member possesses; reward power: based on a person’s ability to reward behaviors; coercive power: the negative side of reward power, is based on the perception that another can punish you for acting or not acting in a certain way |
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Term
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Definition
| primary tension: uneasiness and discomfort in getting acquainted and managing initial group uncertainty about the group task and group relationships, uncertainty about individual roles and group norms; secondary tension: tension that occurs as group members struggle for influence, develop roles and norms, and explore differences in approaching the group task, struggle for influence, power, and establishment of group norms |
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Definition
| a culture that emphasizes nonverbal communication |
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| a culture that emphasizes verbal expression |
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| a culture in which people tend to touch others and to require less personal space |
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| a culture in which people are uncomfortable being touched and require more personal space |
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| a typically Western view of time as linear and segmented; monochronic person: a person who is more comfortable doing one thing at a time |
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| view of time that places less emphasis on punctuality; polychromic person: a person who is able to do many things simultaneously |
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| a response that causes another person to value himself or herself less |
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| communication response that causes a person to value himself or herself more |
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| the degree of attraction members feel toward one another and their group |
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