Term
| What layer of the skin does this describe: epithelial projections that anchor epithelium to underlying CT |
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Definition
| Rete Ridges of the epidermis |
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: single layer of dividing cells that give rise to all epithelial cells |
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Definition
| Stratum germinativum; epidermis |
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: layer of keratinocytes that mature and acquire keratin as they are pushed toward the surface |
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Definition
| Stratum spinosum; epidermis |
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: thin layer that acquires large basophilic granules called keratohyalin |
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Definition
| stratum granulosum; epidermis |
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: composed of orthokeratin (without nuclei) |
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Definition
| stratum corneum; epidermis |
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: reticulin fibers that act as a scaffold for epidermis |
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Definition
| basement membrane; dermis |
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: loose collagen and elastin directly below rete ridges |
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Definition
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Term
| What layer of skin does this describe: dense structural collagen |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an epidermal melanocyte? |
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Definition
| clear cell that lives in basal layer |
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Term
| What is a dermal melanocyte? |
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Definition
| spindly cell that lives in papillary dermis |
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Term
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Definition
| dendritic histiocytic antigen processing cells living in stratum spinosum |
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Term
| Where does a merkel cell live? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F ecrine sweat glands are oil glands accompanying each hair follicle and in other locations without hair (mucosa); it lubricates hair and is antibacterial |
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Definition
| F that describes a sebaceous gland....ecrine sweat glands are in all locations and are thermoregulators |
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Term
| T/F erector pili muscles are skeletal muscle that attaches to hair follicle |
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Definition
| F...they are smooth muscle |
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Term
| T/F Hair follicles are in all locations except palms and soles |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Apocrine sweat glands are under arms? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| raised dome shaped lesion >5mm |
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Term
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Definition
| raised flat topped lesion >5mm |
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Term
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Definition
| flat, non-palpable lesion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Sessile and palpable are the 2 types of exophytic lesions? |
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Definition
| F...they are sessile and pedunculated |
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Term
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Definition
| lesion composed of multiple fronds or projections (may be sessile or pedunculated) |
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Term
| Histologically what is thickened parakeratin called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is thickened orthokeratin called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is a thickened granular cell layer called? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Hypergranulosis is accompanied by parakeratosis and never by hyperorthokeratosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is the thickening of hyperplasia of stratum spinosum called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is the loss of intercellular bridges and cohesion of cells of stratum spinosum called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is edema of stratum spinosum, and widening of intercellular bridges called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is hyperplasia of reticular dermis, resulting in multiple surface elevations called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is abnormal formation of keratin below surfaces called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Histologically what is infiltration of epidermis by inflammatory cells called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: causes type 1 rxn of skin; caused by food, drug or insect allergy and underlying malignancy |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Urticaria has a variant called angioedema that is deeper and more extensive into tissues, frequently affects lips, face and larynx and has several causes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: red, oozing papules, vesicles and scaling plaques |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The causes of eczema are allergic dermatitis, atopy, drugs, secondary irritants, sunlight |
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Definition
| F....all are true except it should be Primary irritants |
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Term
| What does this describe: pathogenesis is a type IV cytotoxic rxn with CD8 T-lymphs become sensitized to an unknown antigen within epithelium and kill keratinocytes; clinically red macules, papules, vesicles, erosions, ulcers, palmar and plantar rash. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Erythema multiforme is treated with coal tar derivatives, sunlight, TNF antagonists, Vit A/D and Methotrexate? |
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Definition
| F....this is treatment for psoriasis....treatment for EM is high dose steroids, avoidance of causative drugs and prevention of herpes outbreaks |
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Term
| All of these cause oral lesions except: EM, Psoriasis,Lichen Planus, DLE, Pemphigus, Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid, Dermatitis herpetiformis, |
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Definition
| Lichen Planus....although it can involve the mouth there was nothing mentioned about lesions |
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Term
| Which skin dx involves a palmar and plantar rash? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which does not involve the use of steroids for treatment: EM, Lichen Planus, DLE, Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid, Dermatitis Herpetiformis |
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Definition
| Dermatitis Herpetiformis....tx with steroids will actually worsen the case |
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Term
| Histologically what does this describe: parakeratosis, suprapapillary thinning of epithelium, munro microabscesses, elongation of rete ridges and inflammatory enlargement of dermal papillae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 keys to the diagnosis of psoriasis? |
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Definition
| Auspitz sign and Koebnerization |
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Term
| What skin dx do you usually see pruritic, scaly, rhomboid shaped, flat topped, red-purple plaques on extensor surfaces of wrists and ankles? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F DLE does deeper than the skin and is mostly in women? |
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Definition
| F....it is limited to skin and mucosa but is mostly seen in women |
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Term
| T/F Sun increase clinical signs of DLE? |
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Definition
| True because it usually shows up in areas of the skin exposed to sun |
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Term
| What does this describe: Looks like lichen planus with lymposytic infiltrates extending to appendages |
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Definition
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Term
| All of these are autoimmune dx except: Pemphigus, DLE, Bullous pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid, Dermatitis Herpetiformis |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: delicate blisters that quickly rupture leaving flacid, weeping and crusting sores |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Pemphigus involves the mouth in 100% of cases? |
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Definition
| T...it begins in the mouth in 50% but involves the mouth in 100% |
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Term
| What are the 4 ways to diagnose pemphigus? |
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Definition
| positive nikolsky sign, positive tzanck test, biopsy and immunofluorescence |
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Term
| What is the most common autoimmune vesiculobullous disease of elderly adults? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: large, tense bullae that do not rupture easily with linear deposit of TgG and complement C3 along basement membrane zone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: desquamative gingiva that blisters and peels is most common, sloughing oral lesions, esophageal leasions scar causing dysphagia, eye lesions (25%), vaginal lesions, skin lesions uncommon |
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Definition
| Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid |
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Term
| What does this describe:crops of extremely pruritic papules and vesicles on a red base usually with association of celiac dx |
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Definition
| Dermatitis herpetiformis...treated with a gluten-free diet |
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Term
| What are the 6 superficial fungal infections (dermatophytes) described? |
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Definition
| Tenia capitus, Tenia barbae, Tenia corposis, Tenia pedis, Onychomycosis, Candida |
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Term
| What does this describe: brown macule when sun-activated, showing increased pigment but normal numbers of melanocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: brown macule showing a linear increase of melanocytes in the basal layer |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: macule or papule composed of multiple theques (cluster of 5 or more epithelial melannocytes) |
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Definition
| Nevus (junctional, compound, intradermal) |
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Term
| What does this describe: macule or papule composed of dermal melanocytes |
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Definition
| Blue nevus....don't forget about the mongolian spot (lower back or butt of blacks and asians....resembles a bruise) |
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Term
| T/F A melanoma typically has a vertical growth phase followed by a radial growth phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the types of melanoma? |
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Definition
| Lentigo maligna melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, acral-lentiginous melanoma and nodular melanoma |
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Term
| What are the 6 ways the prognosis of a melanoma are determined? |
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Definition
| clarks level of invasion, thickness of tumor, number of mitoses, lyphocytic response to tumor cells, regression, ulceration, satellites and metastasis |
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Term
| What are the 2 most common types of melanoma and what are they caused by? |
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Definition
| lentigo maligna and superficial spreading...caused by sun |
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Term
| What does this describe: >5mm, irregular pigment and borders, flat, with raised center, occurs on any skin surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: flat brown macule that expands radially and occurs on malar skin of elderly |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: begins as a macule on sun-exposed skin; has a shorter radial growth phase than lentigo maligna before entering vertical growth phase (usually resulting from childhood sunburn) |
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Definition
| Superficial spreading melanoma |
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Term
| T/F Superficial spreading melanoma and acral-lentigous melanoma are related to sun exposure? |
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Definition
| F....Acral-Lentiginous melanoma and Nodular melanoma are unrelated to sun |
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Term
| Which melanoma has the worst prognosis and why? |
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Definition
| Nodular because elevated, fast growing mass with NO radial growth |
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Term
| T/F Verruca vulgaris occurs exclusively on mouth and hands? |
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Definition
| F....and skin surface including the mouth...but most on hands |
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Term
| What does verruca vulgaris look like histologically? |
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Definition
| acanthotic epithelial projections covered by parakeratin, fibrovascular branched dermal cores, clusters of koilocytes in stratum spinosum |
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Term
| What does this describe: well demarcated waxy, friable papules or nodules, some deeply pigmented? |
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Definition
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Term
| All of these are sun-induced expcept: actinic keratosis, SCC, Keratoacanthoma, BCC, Basal cell nevus sx |
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Definition
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Term
| What transforms into SCC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: fleshy, firm nodule with a keratinized or ulcerated surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: cup-shaped mass with central plug of keratin? |
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Definition
| Keratoacanthoma...similar to SCC but grows fast |
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Term
| What is the most common cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does this describe: firm, pearly elevation with central ulcer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is associated with keratocysts of jaws? |
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Definition
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