Term
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Definition
| The____ can be divided into two main groups of bones, the axial and appendicular_____; consists of 206 bones |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of 80 bones; principal bones are the skull, spine, ribs and sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of the remaining 126 bones; primary bones are the shoulder girdle, arms and hands, pelvic girdle, legs and feet. |
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Term
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Definition
| provide shape, support, protection and the framework of the body; serve as a storage place for mineral salts, calcium, and phosphorus; play an important role in the formation of blood cells; provide areas for the attachment of skeletal muscles; help make movement possible |
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Term
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Definition
| form the major portion of the embryonic skeleton and part of the skeleton in adults |
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Term
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Definition
| Connect the articular ends of bones, binding them together and facilitating or limiting motion; connect cartilage and other structures; serve to support or attach fascia or muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| the primary organs of the skeletal system and composed of about 50% water and 50% solid matter. |
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Term
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Definition
| solid matter in bone that is a calcified, rigid substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex. of type of bone: ribs, scapula, parts of the pelvic girdle, bones of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex. of type of bone: tibia, femur, humerus, radius |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex. of type of bone: carpal, tarsal |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex. of type of bone: vertebrae, ossicles of the ear |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex. of type of bone: patella |
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Term
| Type of bone: sutural or wormian |
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Definition
| Ex. of type of bone: between the flat bones of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| the ends of a developing bones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the membrane that forms the covering of bones except at their articular surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| the dense, hard layer of bone tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| a narrow space or cavity throughout the length of the diaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| a tough, connective tissue membrane lining the medullary canal and containing the bone marrow |
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Term
| Cancellous or spongy bone |
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Definition
| the reticular tissue that makes up most of the volume of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| an articulation, a place where two or more bones connect |
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Term
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Definition
| Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis and Diarthrosis are the classifications of____ |
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Term
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Definition
| type of joint: Does not permit movement. The bones are in close contact with each other and there is no joint cavity. Ex: cranial sutures |
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Term
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Definition
| type of joint: permits very slight movement. Ex: vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| type of joint: allows free movement in a variety of directions. Ex: knee, hip, elbow, wrist and foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| A rounded process that enters into the formation of a joint, articulation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a slit-like opening between two bones |
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Term
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Definition
| an opening in the bone for blood vessels, ligaments and nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| A shallow depression in or on a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| The rounded end of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| a tube-like passage or canal |
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Term
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Definition
| an enlargement or protrusion of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| an air cavity within certain bones |
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Term
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Definition
| a pointed, sharp, slender process |
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Term
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Definition
| A groove, furrow, depression or fissure |
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Term
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Definition
| a very large process of the femur |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving a body part away from the middle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving a body part toward the middle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving a body part in a circular motion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of bending a body part backward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of turning outward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of straightening a flexed limb. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of bending a limb. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of turning inward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of lying prone or face downward; also the process of turning the hand so the palm faces downward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving a body part forward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving a body part backward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving a body part around a central axis. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of lying supine or facing upward; also the process of turning the palm or foot upward. |
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Term
| Cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral |
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Definition
| Four curves of the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| The lower portion of the trunk of the body; forms a basin bound anteriorly and laterally by the hip bones and posteriorly by the sacrum and coccyx. |
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Term
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Definition
| shaped like a funnel, forming a narrower outlet; heavier and stronger than its counterpart's therefore more suited for lifting and running |
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Term
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Definition
| shaped like a basin; may be oval to round and is wider than its counterpart's; constructed to accommodate a fetus and facilitate its downward passage through the pelvic cavity. Broader and lighter that its counterpart's. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| center for longitudinal bone growth in children. |
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Term
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Definition
| age-related loss of bone mass |
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Term
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Definition
| The cup shaped socket of the hipbone into which the thighbone fits |
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Term
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Definition
| A defect in the formation of cartilage at the epiphyses of long bones |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the joints of the hands or feet |
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Term
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Definition
| The projection of the spine of the scapula that forms the point of the shoulder and articulates with the clavicle. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition of stiffening of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical puncture of a joint for removal of fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical repair of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| An instrument used to examine the interior of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| The surgical process of transferring bone marrow from a donor to a patient |
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Term
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Definition
| A small space between muscles, tendons and bones that is lined with synovial membrane and contains a fluid, synovia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the heel bone |
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Term
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Definition
| a mineral that is essential for bone growth, teeth development, blood coagulation and many other functions |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the wristbone |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition caused by compression of the median nerve by the carpal ligament; symptoms: soreness, tenderness, weakness, pain, tingling and numbness at the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| a specialized type of fibrous connective tissue present in adults, which forms the major portion of the embryonic skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of material, made of plaster of paris, sodium silicate, starch or dextrin used to immobilize a fractured bone, a dislocation or a sprain. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the rib cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the clavicle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a fibrous insoluble protein found in the connective tissue, skin, ligaments and cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| that which connects or binds together |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to a rib and the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical excision of a portion of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the finger or toe |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the displacement of a bone from a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the femur; the thighbone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the process of holding or fastening in a fixed position; making rigid, immobilizing |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal flatness of the sole and arch of the foot; also known as pes planus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary metabolic disease that is a form of acute arthritis; usually begins in the knee or foot but can affect any joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an acquired flexion deformity of the interphalangeal joint |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the humerus |
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Term
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Definition
| condition of fluid in a joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the ilium and the sacrum |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to between the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the ischium, hip |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical excision of a vertebral posterior arch |
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Term
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Definition
| a band of fibrous connective tissue that connects bones, cartilages and other structures; also serves as a place for the attachment of fascia or muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal anterior curvature of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the lower jawbone |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the upper jawbone |
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Term
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Definition
| crescent-shaped interarticular fibrocartilage found in certain joints, especially the lateral and medial menisci (semilunar cartilages) of the knee joint |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the bones of the hand |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical excision of one or more bones of the hand |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| a tumor of the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| the formation of bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone and joint |
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Term
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Definition
| a cancerous tumor of a bone; new growth of epithelial tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone and cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone marrow. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a condition that results in reduction of bone mass |
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Term
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Definition
| a malignant tumor of the bone; cancer arising from connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| an instrument used for cutting bone |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the patella |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the bones of the fingers and toes |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of more than one joint |
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Term
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Definition
| an instrument used to measure the curvature of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining the the radius |
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Term
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Definition
| an x-ray photograph of a body part |
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Term
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Definition
| the manipulative or surgical procedure used to correct a fracture or hernia |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic systemic disease characterized by inflammation of the joints, stiffness, pain and swelling that results in crippling deformities. |
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Term
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Definition
| a deficiency condition in children primarily caused by a lack of vitamin D; may also result from inadequate intake or excessive loss of calcium |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the shoulder blade |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition of lateral curvature of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an appliance used for fixation, support and rest of an injured body part |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of one or more vetebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| twisting of a joint that causes pain and disability |
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Term
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Definition
| a sharp or pointed projection, as on a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision of the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to beneath the clavicle |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to beneath the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| the lower jaw or mandible |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic condition characterized by pain caused by excessive pronation and supination activites of the forearm; usually caused by strain, as in playing tennis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the process of drawing or pulling on the bones or muscles to relieve displacement and facilitate healing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the ulna side of the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the vertebra |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to a vertebra and the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| most common type of arthritis in the United States. |
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Term
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Definition
| most often seen in men over 40, caused by the formation of crystals in the joints, which leads to inflammation. |
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Term
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Definition
| closed/simple, open/compound, comminuted, transverse, greenstick, spiral, Colles', Potts' , compression and Epiphyseal |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture does not involve a break in the skin; they are completely internal |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture is more dangerous because the fracture projects through the skin and there is a possibility of infection or hemorrhage |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture shatters the affected part into a multitude of bony fragments |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture breaks the shaft of a bone across its longitudinal axis |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture usually occurs in children whose long bones have not fully ossified; only one side of the shaft is broken and the other is bent |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture spread along the length of a bone and is produced by twisting stresses |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture is often the result of reaching out to cushion a fall; there is a break in the distal portion of the radius. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture occurs at the ankle and affects both bones of the lower leg. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture occurs in vertebrae subjected to extreme stresses, as when one falls and lands on his/her bottom |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of fracture usually occurs where the matrix is undergoing calcification and chondrocytes (cartilage cells)are dying; this type of fracture is seen in children. |
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Term
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Definition
| agent that relieves the swelling, tenderness, redness and pain of inflammation. May be classified as steriodal and nonsteroidal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Steroid substance with potent anti-inflammatory effects. Ex: Depo-Medrol |
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Term
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Definition
| Agents that are used in the treatment of arthritis and related disorders. Ex: Bayer Aspirin, Motrin |
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Term
| Disease-modifying Antirheumatic drugs |
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Definition
| May influence the course of the disease progression; therefore, their introduction in the early rheumatoid arthritis is recommended to limit irreversible joint damage. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme involved in many aspects of normal cellular function and also in the inflammatory response. ____ is found in joints and other areas affected by inflammation, such as occurs with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. |
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Term
| Antitumor Necrosis Factor (Anti-TNF) Drugs |
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Definition
| These drugs have evolved out of the biotechnology industry and seem to slow, if not halt altogether, the destruction of the joints by disrupting the activity of tumor necrosis factor, a substance involved in the body's immune response. |
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Term
| Agents used to treat Gout |
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Definition
| Acute attacks of gout are treated with colchicine. Once the acute attack of gout has been controlled, drug therapy to control hyperuricemia can be initiated. |
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Term
| Agents used to treat or prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis |
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Definition
| Include Fosamax and Actonel. Fosamax reduces the activity of the cells that cause bone loss and increase the amount of bone in most patients. Actonel inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and modulates bone metabolism. To receive the clinical benefits of either of these drugs the patient must be informed and follow the prescribed drug regiment |
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Term
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Definition
| Agents that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness. They are classified as narcotic or non-narcotic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex: Demerol and morphine sulfate |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex: Tylenol, aspirin, ibuprofen |
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Term
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Definition
| A diagnostic examination (usually of the knee) in which air and then a radiopaque contract medium are injected into the joint space, x-rays are taken and internal injuries of the meniscus, cartilage and ligaments may be seen if present. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of examining internal structures of a joint via an arthroscope; usually done after an arthrography and before joint surgery |
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Term
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Definition
| the measurement of joint movements and angles via a goniometer |
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Term
| (Test) Photon absorptiometry |
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Definition
| a bone scan that uses a low beam of radiation to measure bone-mineral density and bone loss in the lumbar vertebrae; useful in monitoring osteoporsis |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of recording heat patterns of the body's surface; can be used to investigate the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| the examination of bones by use of an electromagnetic wave of high energy produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a target in a vacuum tube; used to identify fractures and pathologic conditions of the bones and joints such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondylitis and tumors |
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Term
| (Test) alkaline phosphatase blood test |
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Definition
| a blood test to determine the level of alkaline phosphatase; increased in osteoblastic bone tumors, rickets, osteomalcia and during fracture healing. |
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Term
| Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) |
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Definition
| These are present in a variety of immunologic diseases; positive may indicate rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| Test: the calcium level of the blood may be increased in metastatic bone cancer, acute osteoporosis, prolonged immobilization, and during fracture healing; may be decreased in osteomalacia and rickets. |
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Term
| C-Reactive protein blood test |
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Definition
| test: Positive result indicate rheumatoid arthritis, acute inflammatory change and widespread metastasis. |
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Term
| phosphorus (P) blood test |
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Definition
| (Test) phosphorus level of the blood may be increased in osteoporosis and fracture healing |
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Term
| Serum rheumatoid factor (RF) |
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Definition
| (Test) an immunoglobulin present in the serum of 50-95% of adults with rheumatoid arthritis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Uric acid is increased in gout, arthritis, multiple myeloma and rheumatism |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) anterior cruciate ligament |
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Term
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Definition
| (Abbreviations) anteroposterior |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) bone mineral density (test) |
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Term
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Definition
| (Abbreviations) congenital dislocation of hip |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) Cervical vertebra, first |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) Cervical vertebra, second |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) Cervical vertebra, third |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) degenerative joint disease |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) juvenile rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) knee jerk |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) lumbar vertebra, first |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) lumbar vertebra, second |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) lumbar vertebra, third |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) long arm cast |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) long leg cast |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) long leg cylinder cast |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) osteoarthritis |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) orthopedics, orthepaedics |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) posterior cruciate ligament |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) pulsing electromagnetic fields |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) partial weight bearing |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) short arm cast |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) short leg cast |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) single photon emission computed tomography |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) thoracic vertebra, first |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations)thoracic vertebra, second |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations)thoracic vertebra, third |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Abbreviations) temporomandibular joint |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
