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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
(Ardley/Fitz) Exam 3
28
Pharmacology
Professional
10/29/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents/ Nicotinic Antagonists

(Competitive, non-depolarizing)

Definition

d-Tubocurarine (Jexin®)

Dimethyl tubocurarine (Gallamine®)

Pancuronium (Pavulon®)

Atracurium (Tracrium®)

Vecuronium (Norcuron®)

Pipercuronium (Arduan®)

Doxacurium (Nuromax®)

Mivacurium (Mivacron®)

Rocuronium (Zemuron®)

Cisatracurium (Nimbex®)

Term

 

 

 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents/ Nicotinic Antagonists

(Competitive, Non-depolarizing)

Definition

MOA: Blocks transmission at neuromuscular junction and causes flaccid paralysis

 

Used to relax muscles during surgery

 

SE: Respiratory paralysis, bradycardia, tachycardia, bronchial constriction, hypotension

Term

 

 

 

d-Tubocurarine

Definition

 

Jexin®

 

DOA: 150 minutes

 

Naturally occuring alkaloid

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Dimethyl tubocurarine

Definition

 

Gallamine®

 

 

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Pancuronium

Definition

 

Pavulon®

 

DOA: 120-150 minutes

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Atracurium

Definition

 

Tracrium®

 

DOA: 60 minutes

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Vecuronium

Definition

 

Norcuron®

 

DOA: 60 minutes

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Pipercuronium

Definition

 

Arduan®

 

 

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Doxacurium

Definition

 

Nuromax®

 

 

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Mivacurium

Definition

 

Mivacron®

 

 

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Rocuronium

Definition

 

Zemuron®

 

DOA: 30 minutes

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Cisatracurium

Definition

 

Nimbex®

 

 

 

 

Neuromuscular blocking agent (Competitive)

Term

 

 

 

Succinylcholine

Definition

 

Anectine®

 

MOA: Depolarizes skeletal muscles and leads to flaccid paralysis

 

Used to relax muscles during surgery

 

SE: Respiratory depression, bradycardia, tachycardia, bronchial constriction, hypotension

 

Neromuscular blocking agent (Depolarizing)

Term

 

 

 

Nonspecific Centrally Acting Agents

Definition

Carisoprodol (Soma®)

Chlorzoxazone (Paraflex®)

Meprobamate (Equanil®)

Metaxalone (Skelaxin®)

Methocarbamol (Robaxin®)

Orphenadrine (Norflex®)

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril®)

Term

 

 

 

Nonspecific Centrally Acting Agents

Definition

 MOA: Decreases synaptic transmission of impulses in the spinal cord

 

SE: Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation

 

Used to control spasticity associated with painful musculoskelatal conditions

 

Structures are similar to TCAs

Term

 

 

 

Carisoprodol

Definition

 

Soma®

 

Metabolism: Can be N-dealkylated

 

Notes: Is a controlled substance in Florida (C-IV) but not federally

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

Chlorzoxazone

Definition

 

Paraflex®

 

Metabolism: 6-hydroxylation to glucoronidation

 

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

Meprobamate

Definition

 

Equanil®

 

N-dealkylated metabolite of Soma

 

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

Metaxalone

Definition

 

Skelaxin®

 

 

 

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

Methocarbamol

Definition

 

Robaxin®

 

Metabolism: 1. para-hydroxylation of the ring

2. O-demethylation 3. Conjugation

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

Orphenadrine

Definition

 

Norflex®

 

Has similar structure to diphenhydramine

 

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

Cyclobenzaprine

Definition

 

Flexeril®

 

*Ardley has it listed as miscellaneous but Fitz has it listed with the Nonspecific*

 

Nonspecific centrally acting agent

Term

 

 

 

GABA Receptor Agonists

Definition

 

 

Diazepam (Valium®)

Baclofen (Lioresal®)

Term

 

 

 

Diazepam

Definition

 

Valium®

 

MOA: Enhaces the action of GABA by opening the chloride channel which leads to hyperpolarization

 

SE: Hypotension, dizziness

 

Indirect GABA Receptor Agonist

Term

 

 

 

Baclofen

Definition

Lioresal®

 

MOA: Acts as an agonist at GABAb receptors in the spinal cord and it hyperpolarizes the post synaptic neuron by opening the K+ channel.

 

SE: Drowsiness, weakness

 

Oral dose: 5-20 mg 3 times/day

 

Warning: Abrupt withdrawal can lead to hallucinations and other CNS effects

 

Direct GABA receptor agonist 

Term

 

 

 

Tizanidine

Definition

Zanaflex®

 

MOA: Binds to alpha-2 receptors in the spinal cord and inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitters (mainly Glutamate)

 

Used to control spasticity with multiple sclerosis and stroke

 

Dose: 4-8 mg 3 times/day

 

SE: Hypotension, dizziness

 

Alpha-2 Agonist

Term

 

 

 

Dantrolene Sodium

Definition

 

Dantrium®

 

MOA: Binds to ryanodine receptor (RyR1)

 

Used to control spasms associated with multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy

 

SE: Fatigue, dizziness, drowsiness, liver toxicity

 

Direct Acting Agent

Term

 

 

 

Riluzole

Definition

 

Rilutek®

 

MOA: Glutamate inhibitor

 

Used for muscle weakness associated with ALS

 

Miscellaneous Agents

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