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| the study of God and of created things insofar as created things come from God and are directed to God |
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| St. Anselm stated that theology is... |
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| "faith seeking understanding" |
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For God
For ourselves
For others
helps us to know ourselves and the goal of our existence: union with God, and how to reach that goal |
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| the study of the nature and purpose of the Church |
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| "As the Father sent me, so I send you." |
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| the power to know reality, to deliberate, and to think |
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| the way things, in fact, are |
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the opposite of reality
not in reality what it appears to be |
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| What we can know about God by using our reason to reflect on the world around us. Reasoning from creation to a Creator. |
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| God reveals things about Himself that human reason alone and unaided cannot discover. What we can know about God by faith. |
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Design presupposes a designer
We assume an intelligent cause for complex designs. Why would we make a logical exception for the biggest one: the universe? |
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| Argument from cause and effect to a First Cause |
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Things came into existence and pass out of existence
Things that come into being come from prior existing things
There must exist some being which does not depend on anything else for its existence (The First Cause) |
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| Objection (Who caused God?) |
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| the first cause argument proposes a contradiction: a being which is both caused and uncaused in the same respect |
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| Measure of disorder in universe. The rate of entropy is greater than 0 meaning that there was once an infinite amount of disorder in the universe |
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| the ability to believe all that God has revealed |
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| God's communication to humanity about himself outside the covenant relationship with Isreal |
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| God's communication to humanity about Himself through salvation history, culminating in Jesus Christ |
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| Describes how God communicates himself to man gradually. He prepares him to welcome by stages the supernatural Revelation that is to culminate in the person and mission of the incarnate Word, Jesus Christ. |
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| 3 kinds of special revelation |
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| the central events, teachings, and rituals through which God communicates Himself to humanity |
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| Public Revelation Characteristics |
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-most complete and explicit presentation of revelation
-all the revelation needed to attain salvation
-ended at the close of the Apostolic Age
revelation contained in Scripture and Tradition and guarded from error by the Church |
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| Events that support and encourage faith in public revelation |
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| Private Revelation Characteristics |
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-Church must authenticate it
-Can occur at any time in history
- Associated with appearances of Mary
-Catholics may believe if they wish |
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| God's communication to an individual |
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| Personal Revelation Characteristics |
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-binding only to the one that receives it
-never contradicts the public revelation
-vocations |
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| Why belief in God is reasonable |
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Christ has continually made Himself known to the human race through the Chruch He instituted
-Spread of the faith: through preaching and miracles
-Coherent beliefs: the beliefs do not contradict each other
-existed 2,000+ years (not counting Old Testament)
-Saints (all social classes)
-martyrs (joyful in suffering)
-miracles in every age
-only one that promises everything you want
lifts up the human person, body and soul |
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| the principle of life and activity in living things |
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| nutrition, growth, reproduction |
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| nutrition, growth, reproduction, sensation, self-movement |
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| Soul function in human beings |
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| nutrition, growth, reproduction, sensation, self-movement, love, intellectual knowledge, freedom |
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spiritual principle of human beings
human nature is soul and body together |
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individual
rational
created immediately by God
immortal: does not die with the body |
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| the separation of soul and body |
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| At the final resurrection |
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| soul and body will be reunited |
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| points to some non-physical element in a person which survives the death of the body |
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the way things, in fact, really are
the correspondence of the mind with reality |
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| A statement is true if... |
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| it corresponds with reality |
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| an idea you have that you think is probably right |
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| a fear that one may be wrong |
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| refers to the level of confidence one can reasonably have as to the truthfulness of the statement |
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logical and mathematical
cannot be doubted |
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a judgement is made
certain beyond a reasonable doubt |
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more likely than not 51%
not based on direct evidence |
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| evidence taken from the casue |
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| based on circumstantial evidence and/or informed speculation |
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| evidence taken from the effect |
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Corresponds to the object outside of me
(the correspondence of the mind with reality) |
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| Corresponds to the subject (me) |
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| St. Thomas Aquinas says, faith is... |
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| neither a matter of opinion or knowledge |
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| We know God from what he has made |
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| This is the first way, Through human reason |
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| We know God from what he has told us. |
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| This is the second way. From revelation |
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| 4-fold harmony of the human race at creation |
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-Harmony between man and God
-Harmony within man
-Harmony between man and woman
-Harmony between man and creation |
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| Disharmony between man and God |
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-loss of sanctifying grace
communion of man with God lost |
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Soul
-intellect darkened
-will weakened
-passions/desires disordered
-the beginning of concupiscence
Soul and Body
-physical death and bodily suffering |
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| Disharmony between man and woman |
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Shame, fear
Blame, strife
Domination, lust |
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| Disharmony between man and creation |
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| "cursed be the ground because of you! In toil shall you eat its yield all the days of your life." (Gen 3:17) |
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| Why would an all-knowing, all-loving, all-powerful God create beings when He knew that they would sin? |
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A universe without freedom is a universe without love
Freedom makes it possible to choose one's own power, pleasure, and excellence over and against the greatest good, which is God |
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the power to choose what is truly good and beautiful
it makes love possible |
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| Greek for "first gosepl" the first promise of a savior in Genesis 3:15 |
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| the record of God's saving deeds and words with His people Isreal |
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| 4 Reasons for the Incarnation |
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1. to save us by reconciling us with God
2. to show us the depths of God's love
3. to be our model of holiness
4. to make us partakers of the divine nature |
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| The Church is the Body of Christ |
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most important, essential aspect of the Church
Christ and the Church are one, as head and members, together form one body |
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| The Church is the Bride of Christ |
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The Church shares fully in Christs' life and mission
She was born the day He poured out His Spirit on all believers |
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| The Church is the People of God |
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| God has chosen to save us not as lone individuals but as a people |
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The primary theme of Jesus' preaching
Jesus taught about the kingdom in parables
The fulfillment of God's covenant with David |
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| The Church is the Household of God |
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The Church is the family of God; God is our father
We become God's adopted sons and daughters by Baptism
We are brothers and sisters, the Church is our mother |
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| The Church is the Temple of the Hoy Spirit |
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The Holy Spirit works in the Church; the Church acts by the Holy Spirit
the Holy Spirit gives to individuals the different charisms |
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| The Church was instituted by Christ |
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The Church isn't a man-made institution
Christ instituted the Church. The Church is a Christ-made institution |
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Baptism
Confirmation
Eucharist
Penance
Anointing of the Sick
Holy Orders
Martirmony |
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| Greek for "one sent forth" |
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| position of being first in rank or authority |
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named first in all lists of apostles
receives a special mission from Christ
-he's the rock on which Jesus would build the Church
-keys to the kingdom of heaven
-strengthen your brethren
-feed my lambs/feed my sheep
leads and makes important decisions |
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| term used for the Pope that emphasizes his role as a representative of Christ himself |
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| the birthday of the Church |
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| Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you (Matthew 28: 19-20) |
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| A visible characteristic that sets something or someone apart |
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| four characteristics which indicate essential features of the Church and her mission |
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| What makes the Church One? |
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the ultimate source of the Church's unity is God: the unity of the Trinity
Jesus Christ founded one Church. not many churchs
the Holy Spirit is the soul of the church and joins the faithful into communion |
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| The visible bonds of unity are |
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Unity of faith
Unity of worship
Unity of governance |
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| one faith received from the apostles |
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| divine worship in common, especially the sacraments |
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| When a baptized person deliberately and persistently denies a truth of the Faith taught by the Church |
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| When a baptized person totally rejects the Christian faith as a whole |
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| When an individual or community of baptized persons refuses unity with the Pope or of communion with the members of the Church |
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| there is a good God and an evil God in eternal conflict |
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The Word is not eternal and equal to God, but was created.
There was a time when he did not exist. |
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| The human being Jesus of Nazareth was adopted by God and became the Son of God; he is not the eternal God by nature |
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| Jesus is two persons: one divine and one human |
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