Term
| When does a patient get a new or presumed new LBBB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dynamic T wave inversion with pain or discomfort |
|
Definition
| Unstable angina or Non ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) |
|
|
Term
| If the patient has a high troponin level with out chest pain, what is happening |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This H&T presents with narrow complex, rapid rate, and flat neck veins |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T presents with slow rate cyanosis and airway problems |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T presents with smaller amplitude QRS complexes and has a hx of diabetes, and renal fialure |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T has taller and peaked T waves with p waves getting smaller, QRS widens with a hx of renal failure, diabetes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This H&T presents with flattened t waves, prominent U waves, QRS widens, wide complex tachycardia with a hx of diuretic use |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T presents with J or Osborne waves |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T presents with narrow complex slow rate, no pulse felt with CPR, neck vein distention, tracheal deviation and unequal breath sounds |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T presents with narrow complex, rapid rate, no pulse felt with CPR, decreased arterial bp, JVD, and muffled heart tones |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T has a narrow complex, rapid rate, no pulse felt with cpr, distended neck veins |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| This H&T has q waves, t wave inversion or st segment changes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What side of the heart will fail first with a massive PE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two most common reasons for PEA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is a organized rhythm W/O a detectable pulse |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How do you induce therapeutic hypothermia-3 facts |
|
Definition
patient target temp is 32-34c
for 12-24 hours
using isotonic, nonglucose containing fluid at 30 ml/kg |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat VF/VT in hypothermia |
|
Definition
| allowed a single defibrillation attempt in a hypothermic status, active core rewarming, give medications spaced at longer intervals |
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|
Term
| Why do you give drugs at a longer interval in a hypothermic patient |
|
Definition
| decreased drug metabolism can lead to drug toxicity |
|
|
Term
| When using End tidal CO2 monitoring, when is ROSC unlikely |
|
Definition
| persistently low PETCO2 values below 10 mm Hg |
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|
Term
| When do you induce therapeutic hypothermia |
|
Definition
| when the patient has ROSC and is unresponsive |
|
|
Term
| patients in respiratory arrest should be ventilated at this rate and checking for a pulse at this interval |
|
Definition
| every 5-6 seconds checking pulse every 2 min |
|
|
Term
| what is the problem with hyper or excessive ventilation |
|
Definition
| it increases intrathoracic pressure- decreasing venous return and cardiac output |
|
|
Term
| what should you do if you find a unconscious/unresponsive patient who was known to be choking and is in resp arrest |
|
Definition
| Open airway and assess for FABO, if no FABO is seen then start CPR |
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|
Term
| What is the recommended range for suction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long can you deep bronchial suction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a patient had a witnessed cardiac arrest, what rhythm are they probably in |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the most common cause of AED failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should you do if you come up on a patient who is in arrest and their internal defibrillator is delivering shocks |
|
Definition
| Wait 30-60 seconds for the internal defibrillator to complete the treatment cycle before delivering shocks from the AED |
|
|
Term
| what is the inital shock dose for pulseless VT or FV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should you do if you think you might be feeling a carotid pulse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for torsades |
|
Definition
| 1-2 g IV/IO diluted in 10 mL of D5W |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment plan for hypothermic VF/VT patients |
|
Definition
| one shock is allowed in a hypothermic state, provide active core rewarming, and give medications at longer intervals to prevent drug toxicity |
|
|
Term
| Is there a age when I/O is not recommended |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you admin drug via ET tube |
|
Definition
| Give 2-2.5 times the dose diluted in 10 mL of sterile water or saline |
|
|
Term
| What characteristics of a patient can lead to a hypomagnesemic and or torsads state |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the Systolic BP is below this level, you should treat hypotension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you induce therapeutic hypothermia |
|
Definition
goal temp is 32-34c
for a duration of 12-24 hours
using 30 mL/KG of ice cold isotonic, non-glucose-containing fluid |
|
|
Term
| how should you measure the temp of a induced therapeutic hypothermic patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for hyperkalemia |
|
Definition
| Glucose pluse insulin, albuterol, calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate |
|
|
Term
| a patient in PEA probably has this H&T problem/s |
|
Definition
| hypovolemia and or hypoxia |
|
|
Term
| What side of the heart fails with PE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are non-cardiac reasons for "flat line" on the monitor |
|
Definition
| loose leads, no power, low amplitude/signal strength |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of persistent asystole |
|
Definition
| extensive myocardial ischemia and damage- dead automatistic cells |
|
|
Term
| what type of heart rate would you expect to see in cardiogenic and septic shock |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can you use TCP on a hypothermic patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the recommended initial pacing rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What rhythm commonly appears with R on T phenom |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most likely dx of a irregular narrow complex tachycardia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is sinus tach caused by systemic conditions or cardiac conditions |
|
Definition
| It is caused by systemic conditions like fever, anemia, hypotension, blood loss or exercise |
|
|
Term
| On a EKG, what defines a wide QRS |
|
Definition
| QRS greater than .12 or 3 boxes |
|
|
Term
| what is the dose of adenosine for patients with transplanted heart or centeral line admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can happen if adenosine is given to a asthma patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you converted a patient with adenosine and the rhythm comes back, what should you do next? |
|
Definition
| Treat with a longer acting av nodal blocking agent such as verapamil and dilitiazem or beta blocker |
|
|
Term
| If a patient is having a stroke, what type is it probably |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the goal for fibrinolytic treatement with stroke patients |
|
Definition
| 3 hours from the onset of symptoms |
|
|
Term
| when treating a stroke patient, after establishing an IV, what should you do next |
|
Definition
| check glucose and treat any hypoglycemia |
|
|
Term
| when can you remove a impaled object |
|
Definition
| when it interferes with breathing, airway, and CPR |
|
|
Term
| What is the flow rate for KVO |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you preform FABO relief on a <1 y/0 |
|
Definition
| give 5 back slaps and 5 chest thrusts |
|
|
Term
| How do you preform FABO relief on a greater then 1 y/0 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the age range for a infant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the age range for toddler |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the age range fro a preschooler |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the first sign of respiratory distress in infants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is head bobbing and what does it mean |
|
Definition
| it is the most frequent sign of respiratory failure in infants, it happens when a child lifts the chin and extends the neck during inspiration |
|
|
Term
| In children, you would hear this type of breathing with a upper airway obstruction |
|
Definition
| stridor or an inspiratory snoring sound |
|
|
Term
| In children, what type of breathing sounds would you expect with a lower airway obstruction |
|
Definition
| retractions with expiratory wheezing |
|
|
Term
| how many ml/kg is a normal tidal volume for all ages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the cause of seesaw breathing |
|
Definition
| neuromuscular weakness of the abd and chest wall caused by a strong contraction of the diaphragm |
|
|
Term
| In children you would hear this type of breathing with a FBAO or infection like croup |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a child you would hear this type of breathing from pulmonary conditions like pneumonia, pulmonary contusion and ARDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| its a low pitched sound heard during expiration |
|
|
Term
| When would you typically hear wheezing in children |
|
Definition
| during intrathoracic airway obstruction like bronchiolitis and asthma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high pitched or low pitched whistling or sighing sound most often heard during expiration |
|
|
Term
| what are crackles also known as and what do they represent |
|
Definition
| rales are sharp, crackling inspiratory sounds and indicate fluid in the lungs i.e pneumonia and pulmonary edema |
|
|
Term
| when you most often hear dry crackles |
|
Definition
| atelectasis, small airway collapse and intersitital lung disease |
|
|
Term
| This blood based condition will show normal levels of spo2 at the same time the 02 content in the blood will be low |
|
Definition
| anemic or carboxyhemoglobin |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of bradycardia in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are reasons you would feel a beat to beat fluctuation in pulse volume in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When would you see a fluctuation in pulse volume with respiratory cycle |
|
Definition
| severe asthma and pericardia tamponade |
|
|
Term
| What are pediatric reasons for a sluggish capillary refil time |
|
Definition
| dehydration, shock, hypothermia |
|
|
Term
| What blood deficiency can cause pallor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it is irregular or patchy discoloration of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it is a lack of red blood cells |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for a BP of a child between the ages of 1-10 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does pupil response to light measure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs of petechiae on a child suggest what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonblanching purple discolorations in the skin caused by bleeding and leaking capillaries |
|
|
Term
| What does the PaO2 measure |
|
Definition
| adequacy of O2 tension in arterial blood but not the o2 content |
|
|
Term
| These receptors respond to changes in hydrogen ion concentration of CSF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the upper airway stop and the lower airway begins |
|
Definition
| upper airway stops at the thorax |
|
|
Term
| What should you do if a child has a FBAO but is able to cough |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does a hx of previous wheezing episodes suggest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the preferred order treatment for a child in moderate to severe asthma distress |
|
Definition
humidified o2
albuterol/ A&A
administer corticosteroids
consider admin of mag sulfate 15-30 min IV bolus while monitoring heart rate and BP |
|
|
Term
| What is the major cause of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema |
|
Definition
| chemical pneumonitis- inflammation of the lung tissue caused by inhalation or aspiraton of toxic liquids, gasses, or particulate matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it normally follows a pulmonary or systemic disease process that injures the interface between alveoli and pulmonary vessels and triggers release of inflammatory mediators |
|
|
Term
| What are characteristics of ARDS |
|
Definition
| Acute onset, no evidence for cardiogenic cause of pulmonary edema |
|
|
Term
| What are the S&S for increased ICP |
|
Definition
Cushing Triad
irregular breathing or apnea
increase in mean arterial pressure
bradycardia |
|
|
Term
| How do you manage Respiratory distress/failure with Increased ICP |
|
Definition
Other than ABC's
administer 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid
administer pharmacologic therapy for ICP
Treat agitation and pain once airway is established,
avoid hyperthermia |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for croup |
|
Definition
| nebulized epi, corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat aspiration of a foreign body |
|
Definition
| allow position of comfort, call med control |
|
|
Term
| how do you treat bronchiolitis |
|
Definition
| nasal suctioning, bronchodilator trial |
|
|
Term
| in order of therapy how do you treat asthma |
|
Definition
albuterol
corticosteroids
sub q epi
mag sulfate |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat Pulmonary Edema |
|
Definition
Induce PEEP
consider vasoactive support
consider diuretic |
|
|
Term
| how do you measure a face mask |
|
Definition
| measure from the bridge of the nose to the cleft of the chin |
|
|
Term
| what is the ideal o2 saturation for ped's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should you not use a pop off valve on a bag mask |
|
Definition
when the child has poor lung compliance
During CPR |
|
|
Term
| when should you pad under the occiput to achieve sniffing position |
|
Definition
| children older than two years old |
|
|
Term
| how do you achieve sniffing position in children under two |
|
Definition
| extend the head and pad under the shoulders until the opening of the ear canal at the level of or in front of the anterior aspect of the shoulder |
|
|
Term
| During lone rescuer cpr, what device should be used to deliver breaths |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are reasons for a sudden decrease in lung compliance in a non intubated child |
|
Definition
| airway obstruction, pneumothorax |
|
|
Term
| How do children maintain or increase cardiac output |
|
Definition
| Children cannot increase stroke volume so they increase their heart rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| its the amount of blood in the ventricles before contraction |
|
|
Term
| This is often seen in multiparous women late in the first stage of labor and happens when endocervical veins are lacerated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
