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33
Social Studies
9th Grade
05/01/2012

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Cards

Term
Urbinization
Definition
The movement of greater numbers of people into cities
Term
Settlement patterns
Definition
Human factors affect where people settle, like having a capital city at a central location; location along transportation routes; new technology can override physical barriers, and natural resources can attract settlers to an otherwise unfavorable area
Term
Population Density
Definition
How many people live in a given area
Term
Population pyramid
Definition
A visual that compares the number of males and females in a society and it includes the average ages of its members. Each group will be represented by a different bar
Term
Shanti Town
Definition
A slum settlement where poor people live in dwellings made from scrap materials—such as plywood, corrugated metal and plastic sheets.
Term
Push and pull factors
Definition
The major reasons for migration that either “push” people out of their old location while “pull” factors lure migrants to a new location. Ex: push- poverty, political conflict, environmental factors, oppression. Ex: pull- freedom, economic opportunity (jobs) cultural ties
Term
Social Factors
Definition
Concern how people organize into groups, such as religious groups.

Term
Ethnic Persecution
Definition
When they need to migrate due to being persecuted for being members of a particular ethnic group. Ex: Rwandans needed to flee to neighboring countries to avoid being massacred
Term
Religious Persecution
Definition
when religious minorities have to leave a place due to their beliefs
Term
Environmental Factors
Definition
Migration due to the environment, like a drought, crop failures, floods, fires, earthquakes that force people to migrate.
Term
Forced Migration
Definition
When a migration is forced such as the Atlantic Slave Trade. This migration has accompanied war and the persecution of people throughout most of history.
Term
Physical Barriers
Definition
Natural features that were once a migration to human migration. Examples are mountains, deserts or dense forests.
Term
Land Bridge
Definition
A natural feature where people used to be able to walk from one land mass to another, like across the Bering Strait now that used to be a land bridge from Asia to North America ( Alaska area)
Term
Diffusion
Definition
How something diffuses or spreads
Term
Spatial Exchange
Definition
(Cultural Diffusion) when ideas, products, and even cultural traits can spread from one culture to another.
Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition
When new plants, animals, ideas and even diseases were exchanged between the peoples of the Americas and those of Europe.
Term
Cultural Convergance
Definition
When different cultures exchange ideas and become more similar.
 
Term
Cultural Divergence
Definition
When different cultural influences cause an area to divide into separate parts.
Term
Pandemic
Definition
An epidemic over a wide geographic area.
Term
Traditional Ways
Definition
These societies prefer to do things much as their ancestors have done
Term
Genocide
Definition
When a dominant group tries to completely eliminate a religious or ethnic group -The mass murder of a people.
Term
Terrorism
Definition
The use of threats of terror against innocent civilians to gain attention and achieve a group’s aims
Term
Technology
Definition
The use of materials, tools, and skills to meet human needs.
Term
Technological Inovation
Definition
The development of new technologies
Term
GPS
Definition
A spatial information system that merge information from satellites and land base sources
Term
Desalinization
Definition
The removal of salt from ocean water
Term
Constitutional Monarchy
Definition
Kingdom in which the ruler’s powers are limited by a constitution
Term
Direct Democracy
Definition
A form of government in which people vote on policy initiatives directly
Term
Representative Democracy
Definition
government where the people rule through elected representatives
Term
Dictatorship
Definition
 Government in which an individual or groups holds complete power
Term
Political Power
Definition
ability of a person or group to determine the policy of a government to serve their individual or group interest
Term
Political Region
Definition
a geographic area that is run by a specific government and has its own laws; there are various levels of political regions, such as: a country, a state, districts within a state, and cities within a state
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