Term
| The Dash Diet...contains more of... |
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Definition
| magnesium, calcium, potassium |
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Term
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Definition
-Transportation (Blood plasma)
-Lubrication (saliva)
-Chemical reactions
-Temperature regulations(sweat) |
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Term
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Definition
-Liquids
-Foods
-Metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
-Feces
-Lungs
-Skin
-Kidneys |
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Term
| Hard Water vs. Soft Water |
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Definition
-Hard water has more calcium and magnesium
-Soft water has less calcium and magnesium (more sodium, especially if a water softener is used |
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Term
| AAP Juice Recommendations |
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Definition
-4-6 fluid oz per day for ages 1-6 years
-8-12 fluid oz per day for ages 7-18 years
*These are UL numbers |
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Term
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Definition
-Hot Beverages: Coffee, starbucks, tea, hot chocolate
-Cold Drinks: soda, energy drinks
-Some medications: Excedrin, NoDoz, Migralam |
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Term
| Caffeine effects on the body |
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Definition
| -Normal: Feelings of increased alertness, increases fatty acid release(may help with endurance exercise), a mild diuretic |
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Term
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Definition
-Overdose: nervousness, upset stomach, irritability, headaches, diarrhea, insomnia, high blood pressure
*Long term risks: infertility and osteoporosis (when combined with low calcium intake)
-Withdrawl: Headaches and fatigue |
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Term
| Risks of Being Underweight |
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Definition
-Reduced nutrient reserves
-Reproductive problems
-Amenorrhea and bone loss in women |
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Term
| Risks of Being Overweight/Obese |
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Definition
-Chronic disease(heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension)
-Joint problems
-Sleep apnea |
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Term
| BMI categories for adults |
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Definition
-Males: 12-18%
-Females: 20-28%
-Athletes: males (more than 5%) and women (able to menstruate regularly |
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Term
| How Body Composition can be Estimated |
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Definition
-Underwater weighing: fat is less dense then lean
-Skinfolds: measures the fat under the skin
-Bioelectrical Impedance: lean tissue conducts electricity better |
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Term
| Waist Circumference for Excess Body Fat |
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Definition
-Increased health risks with central obesity
-Men: aim for less than 40 inches
-Women: aim for less than 35 inches |
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Term
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Definition
| -This is kcal in minus kcal out of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which energy is used by an organism at complete rest, measured in humans by the heat given off per unit time, and expressed as the calories released per kilogram of body weight or per square meter of body surface per hour. |
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Term
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Definition
-This is the tendency to maintain a stable weight
-Parts of the hypothalamus help to regulate body energy stores
-When weight is lost the set point takes time to reset |
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Term
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Definition
-This is the OB gene
-Without it, you have higher chance of obesity
-Trying to make a drug, but it has other side effects |
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Term
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Definition
-Once extra fat cells are created they tend to remain
-Lipoprotein Lipase may be more active in some than others to store adipose fat tissue |
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Term
| Environmental Causes of Obesity |
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Definition
-External cues for eating
-Labor saving devices
-Safe exercise areas |
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Term
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Definition
Hunger: physical need for food
Satiety: Eating when stressed or aroused, could be bigger portion sizes |
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Term
| Eating and Exercise Behaviors Related to Obesity |
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Definition
Eating Behaviors: eating when stressed or aroused, portion sizes
Exercise Behaviors: Busy schedules, use of labor saving devises and sedentary recreation |
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Term
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Definition
-Carb: carb stores are depleted in 1-2 days; proteins breakdown to provide glucose
-Protein: Amino acids are recycled and used to make glucose, body protein is lost
-Fat: ketones help meet energy needs of the brain and reduce hunger |
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Term
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Definition
-Rapid early weight loss as glycogen and water is depleted
-Attempt to keep a person in ketosis while making up for increased protein breakdown with increased dietary protein
-Long term concerns about bone and kidney health as well as cardiovascular risk
-Environmental risk of eating more animal protein |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Roughly 800 kcal per day
-Mostly prepackaged foods
-Risks: gallstones, blood pressure probs, rapid weight regain is common
-Appropriate for use with a health condition related to excess weight |
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Term
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Definition
-Orlistat
-Blocks fat absorption |
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Term
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Definition
| A surgeon constructs a small stomach pouch and restricts the outlet from the stomach to the intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| A surgeon constructs a small stomach pouch and creates and outlet directly to the jejunum |
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Term
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Definition
| a technique in cosmetic surgery for removing excess fat from under the skin by suction |
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Term
| Guidelines for Gaining and Losing Weight |
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Definition
-Individualized approach
-Aim for permanent lifestyle changes
-Slow but steady
-Physical activity
-Take the focus off appearance
-Don't lose the joy! |
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Term
| Three categories of problem behaviors in disordered eating |
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Definition
| -Starving, binging and purging |
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Term
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Definition
-Prevalence: Up to 1% of adolescent women
-Symptoms: Refusal to maintain a healthy weight (under), fear of fate and weight gain, amenorrhea (lack of menstruation) |
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Term
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Definition
-Prevalence: 4-10% of adolescents (mostly women)
-Symptoms: normal weight, binge/purge cycle |
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Term
| How to Help a Friend with an Eating Disorder |
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Definition
-Confronting: Societal issues and personal issues(gently)
-Support:
-For the individual: encourage healthy coping mechanisms, let them know you care
-For the friends and family: expect denial, don't fight about food or weight |
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