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SHAHAB
bio
37
Science
11th Grade
02/23/2010

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Term
DNA
Definition
Stores genetic information
Term
Base Pairing
Definition
attraction between bases, the force that holds together the DNA strands
Term
RNA
Definition
acid that is the messenger between the DNA and the ribosome. makes proteins from amino acids
Term
Double Stranded chain of nucleotides
Definition
DNA
Term
Single Stranded Chain of Nucleotide
Definition
RNA
Term
tRNA
Definition
type of RNA that carries the amino acids to the ribosomes
Term
RRNA
Definition
Makes up most of the ribosomes
Term
Transcription
Definition
molecule of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA
Term
Complementary Strands
Definition
Two single strands of DNA that are bined by base pairing
Term
Codons
Definition
Three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for amino acid
Term
Amino acid sequence
Definition
the structure of the acids. the protein is created pertaining to the code
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
These are the building blocks for proteins
Term
Translation
Definition
message from mRNA is decoded into a protein
Term
Polypeptide Chain
Definition
Protein
Term
Peptide Bond
Definition
Bond that joins two amino acids
Term
Nucleotides
Definition
Nucleic acid made up of a 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base
Term
Sugar
Definition
used by organisms to store energy
Term
Phospate
Definition
Salt thats in nucleic acid
Term
Nitrogenous base
Definition
molecule containing nitrogen
Term
Adenine
Definition
Purine base(big) that pairs with Thymine
Term
Guanine
Definition
Purine base(big) that pairs with cytosine
Term
Thymine
Definition
Pyrimidine(small) base that pairs with Adenine
Term
Cytosine
Definition
Pyrimidine base(small) that pairs with Guanine
Term
Purines
Definition
Big Bases. Adenine and Guanine
Term
Pyrimidines
Definition
Small Bases. Cytosine and Thymine
Term
Double Helix
Definition
Structure of a DNA molecule
Term
Replication
Definition
Process of DNA being duplicated before a cell divides
Term
Enzyme
Definition
Special protein catalysts
Term
DNA polymerase
Definition
Reads the DNA strand which helps it copy the DNA piece
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
organelle in which proteins are made
Term
Ribose
Definition
a sugar in RNA
Term
Uracil
Definition
Base only found in RNA. pairs with Adenine
Term
RNA polymerase
Definition
enzyme that makes RNA from a DNA template
Term
Start Codon
Definition
the codon AUG at which polypeptide synthesis is started
Term
Stop Codon
Definition
the three codons that dont code for amino acid
Term
Polypeptide chain
Definition
chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
a common bond in an organism between the hydrogen bond and another molecule
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