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SGMA 575
International Business
38
Business
Undergraduate 3
02/09/2009

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Cards

Term
Ethnocentrism/Parochialism
Definition
One way of doing things
Term
Polycentrism/Geocentrism
Definition
The way the countries do things are the right way for that country
Term
Power Distance
Definition
the extent to which people at the bottom of the hierarchy accept the differences in the hierarchy
Term
Collectivism
Definition
Responsibilities of extended group/Whole
Term
Individualistic
Definition
Responsibility to look after themselves and their nuclear family
Term
Uncertainty Avoidance
Definition
How they deal with the unknown
Term
Low Uncertainty Avoidance
Definition
Que sera, sera
Term
High Uncertainty Avoidance
Definition
Rule for no matter what happens
Term
Masculinity
Definition
value materialism and accomplishment/strict separation of gender roles
Term
Femininity
Definition
Value kindness, relationships, and quality of life/blurred gender roles
Term
Universalism
Definition
Universal rules that are always true
Term
Particularism
Definition
focus on particulars of a given situation/certain circumstances that differ from the norm
Term
Neutral
Definition
You should not express your emotions openly/Should not affect decision making
Term
Affective
Definition
If you don't express them your not being human/Of course they should affect your decision making
Term
Achievement
Definition
Individual achievements
Term
ascription
Definition
personal characteristics
Term
High Context
Definition
rely on the context or background
Term
Low Context
Definition
do not rely on context/state everything explicitly and directly
Term
Leadership Styles
Definition
Bundles of different types of cultural dimensions that go together
Term
Humane orientation
Definition
quality of life part of Hofstede's femininity dimension
Term
Institutional Collectivism
Definition
Hofstede's Collectivism
Term
In-group Collectivism
Definition
Hofstede's Collectivism
Term
Assertiveness
Definition
Hofstede's Masculinity
Term
Gender Egalitarianism
Definition
Hofstede's Femininity
Term
Future Orientation
Definition
much talk of prospects, potentials, aspirations, future achievements
planning and strategizing done enthusiastically
great interest in the youthful and future potentials
present and past used, even exploited for future advantage
Term
Performance Orientation
Definition
awarding status based upon accomplishments
Term
Autarky
Definition
a situation where you do not trade with the outside world
Term
Absolute Advantage Theory
Definition
® Proposed by Adam Smith/Should specialize in what you do best and trade for what you do not do well
Term
Comparative Advantage Theory
Definition
® Theory attributed to David Richardo/
Specialise in the thing where your advantage is the greatest or where your disadvantage is the least
Term
Tariffs
Definition
taxes on goods that move across the border
Term
Ad valorem
Definition
by value (ex. 7% of the value)
Term
Quotas
Definition
numerical restrictions on quantity or dollar value
Term
Administrative Restrictions
Definition
red tape, permits, discriminatory regulations, abusive inspections, etc.
Term
TARIFF-RATE QUOTA (TRQ)
Definition
This import system established a quota and a two-tier tariff regime for affected commodities. Imports within the quota enter at a lower (in-quota) tariff rate while a higher (out- of-quota) tariff rate is used for imports above the concessionary access level.
Term
Why do countries restrict trade?
Definition
Security (military, food, etc.)
Health (e.g. Food safety; precautionary principle vs. Proof)
Industrial policy (e.g. Infant industries)
Labour & environment (e.g. Carbon tariff)
Protections of Jobs & Votes
Term
tariff escalation
Definition
tariffs are generally higher as one moves from raw materials to semi-finished to finished goods
Term
negative effects of a tariff on importing country
Definition
Reduced consumption/Excessive, inefficient production
Term
Positive effects of a tariff on importing country
Definition
tariff revenue to government (just a transfer)/market power may force price reductions from supplier(s)
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