Term
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Definition
| Drinking is male dominated, male identified and male centered. Men use drinking as a way to socialize and form bonds. |
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Term
| The Paradox of Masculinity |
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Definition
| Men as a group have power, but individually they are relatively powerless. *Hege. masc. is not as accessible to men as society believes it is* |
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Term
| Masculinity, Shame and Fear |
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Definition
| Drinking is a way for men to escape shame, fear and anxiety associated with inability to fulfill expectations of masculinity. *management strategy* |
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Term
| Masculinity, Depression and Role Conflict |
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Definition
| Society restricts expression of emotion, as well as affectionate behavior btw men which can lead to depression. Conflict btw work and family roles can also fuel depression. |
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Term
| College as adventure and transition |
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Definition
| College is seen as a place where men can "try on" new versions of masculinity. The anxiety associated with this transition period increases the need for new bonds... |
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Term
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Definition
| Alcohol facilitates male bonding because it allows for displays of affection and emotion. "I love you man". |
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Term
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Definition
| Set of values and beliefs that provide an environment conducive to rape. Often associated with fraternities. |
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Term
| Traditional Gender Scripts |
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Definition
Female= passive; gate keeper
Male= chaser; often pursue with aggression |
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Term
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Definition
Women who sleep around= sluts; societal loss *women only have sex when in love and in a relationship*
Men who sleep around= player, pimp; societal gain *men expected to pursue sex regardless of context* |
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Term
| Individuals vs. Environment and Rape |
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Definition
| Individuals who rape are more often influenced by their environment rather than personal motives. Rape is a demonstration of power and dominance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Women always want love, romance and relationships; extremely important to their identity. Men are empowered by women's need of relationship, and the time they invest in them. However, the college culture is not conducive to these relationships, making opportunities for said relationships scarce. |
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Term
| Self-development imperative |
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Definition
| When individuals, mainly women, choose to defer relationship demands and choose to focus on educational and career goals. |
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Term
| Competing demands of gender and class |
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Definition
| For college-aged women, gender expectations include being in committed relationship, but class expectations state women should focus on educational goals. * privileged women caught btw contradictory expectations; underpriv. women confront foreign sexual culture (not used to emphasis placed on education* |
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Term
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Definition
| Hooking-up provides outlet; a way to meet your sexual needs but often is accompanied by consequences. *hooking-up has become institutionalized* |
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Term
| Dominant Heterosexual Story |
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Definition
-men have the social agency
-man protects woman
-man makes decisions and pays
-romance matters to women; emotionally invested in relationship |
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Term
| Masculinity, Femininity and stories about sexuality |
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Definition
| Men inflate numbers while women deflate. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-stepping stone to family, and kids
-status symbol
-legal benefits
-stability |
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Term
| Weddings and division of labor |
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Definition
| Wedding work is taken for granted; it is assumed this work will always happen. Wedding is viewed as joint enterprise; important decisions made by couple. Women typically do majority of kin, planning and leg work. |
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Term
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Definition
1.complementary personalty styles
"I'm detail oriented; he's big picture"
2.context
"I have a more flexible schedule"
3.comparisons to other couples
"he's doing more than her husband did"
4.different interest levels
"he's just not that interested" |
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Term
| Reasons why brides don’t complain |
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Definition
| Brides don't complain because weddings are supposed to be harmonious! Women also benefit from some aspects of planning. Women also don't want to challenge the relationship. |
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Term
| Industrialization and Gender in the Family |
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Definition
Pre-industrialization: families worked together on farms; work and childcare equally distributed.
Post-industrialization: men worked, women stayed home and cared for the children. Led to separate spheres... |
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Term
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Definition
| Monetary value became attached to men's jobs, women became more nurturing. The Industrial Revolution plays a major role in creating these divisions. |
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Term
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Definition
| LOVE! Idea that you are finding your better half. Spouses understand each other and complete the other person. |
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Term
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Definition
Men are:
-healthier
-less depressed
-more successful
-often have larger social networks |
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Term
| Womens’ losses in marriage |
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Definition
Women:
-gain less in terms of mental and physical health
-lose own social networks to those of their husbands
-become responsible for husband's social network |
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Term
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Definition
| Marriage = respectability, increased social status. Stability. |
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Term
| Material, Emotional and Cultural Demands of Marriage |
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Definition
1.Material
-consume time, energy and money
2.Emotional
-spouses are main source of emotional support
-harder to be spontaneousness when getting together with friends, family
3.Cultural
-in US, there is expectation for self-sufficiency |
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Term
| Rhetorical strategies for avoiding talking about gender inequality |
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Definition
1. name calling = used to shut down conversation
2. praise = used when reinforcing gender stereotypes
3.Different standards = people have different standards (women care, men dont)
4.Rhetorical slippage = yeah, but
5.Power evasion = "this has nothing to do with gender" |
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Term
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Definition
Form of masculinity turned to by working class men b/c of lack of economic power.
-refusing to help with housework
-involved heavy drinking, drug use, cheating on and abusing wives
-speaking about men in diff. way |
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Term
| Masculinity, Class and Privilege (symbolic power) |
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Definition
| Non-working class men benefit from images of strength resulting from compensatory masculinity. Men also criticize hypermasculinity/misogyny to emphasize own superiority: "I don't treat my wife like that.." |
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Term
| Hidden vs. Coercive Power |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "a plan of action through which a person tries to solve problems at hand, given cultural notions of gender at play" |
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Term
| Traditional Gender Ideology |
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Definition
men= breadwinners
women= caretakers |
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Term
| Transitional Gender Ideology |
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Definition
| Women are starting to take on transitional roles but are often still seen as primary homemaker/caretaker |
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Term
| Egalitarian Gender Ideology |
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Definition
| Men and women equally contribute to responsibilities. |
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Term
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Definition
| Women are moving into men's working world, but not vis-versa |
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Term
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Definition
| Housework has little value in the home, but is extremely expensive to hire out |
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Term
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Definition
| Women are seen as responsible for remembering to send birthday and get-well cards... stay in contact with relatives |
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Term
| Sacralization of Childhood |
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Definition
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Term
| Intensification of Motherhood |
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Definition
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Term
| Components of Intensive Motherhood |
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Definition
1. child centered
2. expert-guided
3. emotionally absorbing
4. labor- intensive
5. financially expensive |
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Term
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Definition
| Learning how to manage emotions in certain situations. Women tend to do more emotionwork in relationships. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Men who Mother: individualist expectations |
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Definition
| Men who mother were socialized and raised that way. |
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Term
| Men who Mother: microstructural explanation |
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Definition
| When placed in the situation where parenthood is needed, men actually excel. |
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Term
| Differences between men who stay at home and women |
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Definition
Men are:
-more likely to be praised for their childcare work
-still don't contribute to housework
-more likely to participate in fun activities with kids
-more likely to maintain own hobbies |
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Term
| Ways in which children benefit when moms work |
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Definition
Kids with working moms:
-receive more money and education
-have better social skills; more independent
-have broader, more equitable views of gender
BUT must have social resources available |
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