Shared Flashcard Set

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Set #1
State Assessment Review Cards
28
Social Studies
8th Grade
03/08/2012

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Cards

Term
Names for the North during the Civil War.
Definition
*Union * Yankees *USA *Blues
Term
President of the US during the Civil War?
Definition
Abe Lincoln
Term
President of the Confederacy during the Civil War?
Definition
Jefferson Davis
Term
First battle of the Civil War?
Definition
Bull Run or Manassas
Term
Where were the first shots fired to begin the war?
Definition
Fort Sumter, SC
Term
At the beginning of the Civil War, name advantages of North over the South.
Definition
Larger population, more industry, more railroads and telegraphs, and more wealth.
Term
What advantages did the South hold over the North?
Definition
Better military leaders.
Term
Turning point battles of the Civil War? Where? Why?
Definition
Gettysburg, Pa-- bloodiest battle, South never went that far North again. Vicksburg, MS -- split confederacy, gave N. contol of Miss. River
Term
Four roles of women during the Civil War?
Definition
run farms and businesses, raise funds, nurses, spies, a few fought
Term
What amendment gave African-Americans citizenship but stopped short of listing the right to vote?
Definition
14th
Term
What amendment specified no discrimination in voting due to race or previous condition of servitude?
Definition
15th
Term
Time period following Civil War: Name gains made by freedmen.
Definition
Reconstruction: voting, elected 16 congressman, schools & colleges established
Term
What group made up 1/3 to 1/4 of the soldiers on the Great Plains in the late 1800s? What and why were they nicknamed?
Definition
African Americans: Buffalo Soldiers due to hair color and condition.
Term
What were "boom" towns? What minerals were discovered in Colorado and Nevada?
Definition
Towns of rapid growth due to gold/silver discovery. Gold- CO. Silver & gold--NV
Term
Why were Texas longhorns driven north? What was the first planned cowtown in KS? Why did the drives end?
Definition
No railroads in Texas by end of Civil War. Abillene- Railroad extended.
Term
Native American lands were ______ in size then individual plots were forced on them by the ____ Act. The idea was to force white culture on them, a process known as _________.
Definition
*reduced *Dawes *assimilation
Term
Populism was founded by ____ who were tired of being forced to accept their circumstances which were due to the _____ standard (money was in short supply) and _____ charging unfair shipping and storage rates.
Definition
*farmers/workers *gold *railroads
Term
Name effects of transcontinetal railroad building on the American economy and society.
Definition
Standard time zones, linked east to west, raw materials & manufactured goods shipped, took settlers west, killed buffalo to reduce to reduce Native American resistance, no longer had to build town on navigable rivers.
Term
Name late 1800's iinventors and inventions.
Definition
*Bell- telephone * Shoales- typewriter *Drake- oil well *Edison- electric generator/light bulb
Term
What factors spurred industrial development in the US during the 1800's?
Definition
abuncance of natural resources, growing population increased immigration, new patents/inventions, better transportation & communication, govt. land grants & subsicities
Term
Name entrepreneurs and robber barons of American industry in the late 1800s.
Definition
*JD Rockefeller- oil, *A. Carnegie- steel, *J Gould- railroad, *JP Morgan- banking, *Vanderbilt- railroad & shipping
Term
What working conditions brought about the labor union movement of the late1800s. Name two unions of that time. Name two violent strides of that time.
Definition
low wages, long hours, no benefits, dangerous jobs, child labor, *Knights of Labor, AF of L *Haymarket/ Homestead Pullman
Term
Most immigrant groups to the US in the early 1800s were from ______& _____ Europe. We call them ______ immigrants. Beginning in the late 1800s most immigrants came from _____ & _____ Europe. We call them ______ immigrants.
Definition
North & West "old" South & East "new
Term
Immigrants in the 19th and early 20th century America would have entered through ________Island on the east coast and _______ Island on the west coast. Why would they have faced discrimination? What groups were singled out for exclusion?
Definition
*Ellis *Angel * South and East groups- poor, no English, little education, customs strange, dark skinned Chinese Exclusion Act
Term
In the late 1800s, America's cities grew and so did their problems. Many poor lived in _____buildings located in poor neighborhoods called _____. Politicians took advantafe of them through their local political ______. ______ ran these and bought votes, bribed officials, thereby holding power.
Definition
*tenements *slums *machines * "bosses"
Term
Black codes used after the Civil War to restrict freemen's rights expanded into _______ laws whch enforced segregation. Meaning : What 1896 Supreme Court case established "separate but equal" as law?
Definition
*Jim Crow *seperating the races * Plessy v Ferguson
Term
What Supreme Court case overturned "separate but equal"? Where did that case begin? What lawyer for that case later became the first African-American Supreme Court Justice?
Definition
*Brown v Topeka Board of Education, 1954 *Thrugood Marshall forced integration
Term
Name three African-American civil rights reformers of the late 1800s. What did each work to change?
Definition
*Booker T. Washingtion- worked hard to achieve equality *W.E.B Du Bois- founder of NAACP *Ida B. Welles - anti-lynching
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