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Serum Enzymes in Clinical Dx
U5Lec5 - Enzymes and Clinical Apps - SUNY Upstate COM 2015
18
Biochemistry
Graduate
12/10/2011

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Cards

Term
For the following cards, the SERUM ENZYME will be provided and the "Definition" side would have the general Diagnostic use of that enzyme
Definition
Left Blank intentionally
Term
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT)
Definition
Myocardial Infarction (but also found in Liver)

AST did not have a * next to it, so we don't have to "know" it for the Unit 5 exam. All that follow are *'ed
Term
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT)
Definition
Viral Hepatitis
Term
Amylase
Definition
Acute Pancreatitis

Amylase --> think digestion enzyme = pancreas
Term
Creatine Kinase
Definition
Muscle disorders and MI
Term
Lactate Dehydrogenase isozyme 5
Definition
Liver diseases
Term
Lipase
Definition
Acute pancreatitis
Term
Phosphatase (acidic)
Definition
Metastatic Carcinoma (prostate)
Term
Phosphatase (alkaline)
Definition
Various BONE disorders, obstructive liver diseases
Term
What is an isozyme?
Definition
Different forms of an enzyme that carry out the same general reaction.
Term
Contrast isozymes
Definition
TISSUE SPECIFIC:
One isozyme may be SPECIFICALLY expressed for one TISSUE/ORGAN, while another isozyme for another
Isozymes may have a SPECIFIC pattern of EXPRESSION during DEVELOPMENT
Term
LDH and CK are examples of...
Definition
...ISOZYMES. LDH has 5 forms of isozymes and CK has 3. LDH and CK are not isozymes of each other though!
Term
Describe LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase)
Definition
4 subunits. 2 types of subunits --> alpha/Beta
LDH-1 - 4a (heart)
LDH-2 - 3a,1B
LDH-3 - 2a,2B
LDH 4 - 1a,3B
LDH 5 - 4B --> DIAGNOSTIC for LIVER DISEASE!
Term
LDH 5 (4B) is diagnostic for...
Definition
...LIVER DISEASES!
Term
Describe Creatine Kinase (CK)
Definition
2 Subunits, 2 types of subunits (M and B)
BB = CK1 --> Brain, Lung, Thyroid
MB = CK2 --> ONLY in Cardiac! --> thus VERY Diagnostic
MM = CK3 --> skeletal and cardiac muscle
Term
One way to distinguish LDH isozymes is via...
Definition
..ELECTROPHORESIS b/c they have different overall charges!
Term
How can you use LDH and CK activities if a patient had an MI (CARDIAC MUSCLE)?
Definition
Look for CK-2 (MB) and LDH-1 (4 alpha's) in the plasma.
In particular, both enzyme activities appear TRANSIENTLY after attack.
Term
How about for muscular dystrophy (Skeletal Muscle)?
Definition
Look for CK-3 (BB). In particular, a LONG-TERM rise of CK-3 activity in the plasma.
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