Term
| The structure of a protein is dependent on what? |
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Definition
| THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE. THE SHAPE OF THE PROTEIN WILL DICTATE THE PROTEIN'S FUNCTION. |
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Term
| WHAT DOES ELECTROSPECIFIC MEAN IN TERMS OF CHANNELS? |
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Definition
| THE CHANNELS ARE SPECIFIC FOR ONE AND ONLY ONE ION. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE MITOCHONDRIA? |
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Definition
| AN ORGANELLE WITHIN THE CYTOPLASM THAT MAKES ATP. IT IS THE ENERGY SOURCE OF OUR CELL. |
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Term
| HOW MANT MITOCHONDRIAS ARE IN A CELL AND WHAT INCREASES THE PRODUCTION OF MITOCHONDRIAS? |
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Definition
| THERE ARE THOUSANDS OF MITOCHONDRIA WITHIN THE CELL AND THE MORE ACTIVE A TISSUE IS, THE MORE MITOCHONDIRAS IT WILL HAVE |
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Term
| WHAT DOES THE MITOCHONDRIA USE AS FUEL TO MAKE ENERGY? |
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Definition
| O2, GLUCOSE, NADH, AND FADH2 |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE LAYERS OF THE MITOCHONDRIA? |
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Definition
| THE MITOCHONDRIA HAS 2 LAYERS: EXTERNAL MEMBRANE AND INTERNAL MEMBRANE. THE INNER MEMBRANE IS CONVOLUTED WITH INCREASES SURFACE AREA. THE MORE SURFACE AREA THAT IS PRESENT, THE MORE CYTOCHROMES THAT ARE PRESENT WHICH INCREASES THE MORE ATP SYNTHASES WE CAN HAVE. |
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Term
| WHERE DOES NADH COME FROM AND WHAT DOES IT DO? |
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Definition
| IT COMES FROM THE KREB'S CYCLE AND IT INITIATES THE ETC. |
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Term
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Definition
| AS NADH COMES INTO THE MITOCHONDRIA IT BECOMES OXIDIZED AND WHEN IT DOES, THE FIRST CYTOCHROME PUSHES A HYDROGEN ION BETWEEN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE OUTER AND INNER MEMBRANE. THERE "H" PUMPS REQUIRE ENERGY FROOM NADH TO MOVE THE HYDROGEN ION. THERE ARE 4 PARTS THAT IS WHAT IS KNOWN AS THE ETC AKA OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION. THIS MEANS THAT WE HAVE ONE ELECTRON THAT JUMPS FROM 1 CYTOCHROME TO THE NEXT. WHEN THE ELECTON JUMPS IT ENDS UP REDUCING THE PROTEIN. WHEN IT JUMPS OFF THE CYTOCHROME IT BECOMES OXIDIZED. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE END ELECTRON ACCEPTOR? WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU DON'T HAVE OXYGEN. |
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Definition
| OXYGEN. IF I DON'T HAVE OXYGEN THE ETC CAN'T RUN. SO AS LONG AS WE HAVE OXYGEN THE ELECTRON WILL MOVE DOWN THE CYTOCHROME, MOVING HYDROGEN IONS INTO THE SPACE BETWEEN THE INNER AND OUTER MEMBRANE, SETTING UP AND ELECTROCHEMICAL POTENTIAL. |
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Term
| WHAT ENZYME SYNTHESIZES OR MAKES ATP? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| HOW DOES THE ATP SYNTHASE MAKE ATP? |
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Definition
| THIS IS DOEN BY AS THE HYDROGEN IONS MOVE BACK ACROSS THE INNER MEMBRANE, BACK INTO THE MATRIC WHAT THAT DOES IS THAT IS GIVE THE SUBUNITS OF THE ATP SYNTHASE ENOUGH ENERGY TO STICK THE PHOSPHATE GROUP BACK ON THE ADP TO MAKE ATP. ATP ALL BEGINS WITH NADH. |
|
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Term
| WHAT IS KCN AND WHAT DOES IT DO? |
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Definition
| KCN IS CYANIDE WHICH IS A BLOCKER. IT KILLS YOU BY BLOCKING THE ABILITY FOR THE FINAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT TO OCCUR IN THE ETC. |
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Term
| WHAT IS DNP AND WHAT DOES IT DO? |
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Definition
| DINITROPHENOL IS AN UNCOUPLER IN WHICH IT SETS UP CHANNELS IN THE INNER MEMBRANE. SO AS HYDROGEN IONS MOVES INTO THE SPACE BETWEEN THE INNER AND OUTER MEMBRANE THE HYDROGEN ION JUST LEAKS RIGHT BACK INTO THE MATRIX. THERE IS NO EXCESS HYDROGEN ION GRADIENT BETWEEN THE LAYERS. THE SYSTEM IS STILL GOING FULL SPEED AND OXYGEN IS BEING USED. A DECREASED AMOUNT OF ENERGY IS PRODUCED. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE GLYCOLYSIS 2 END POINTS? |
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Definition
| LACTIC ACID (LACTATE) WITHOUT OXYGEN AND PYRUVIC ACID (PYRUVATE) WHEN OXYGEN IS AVAILABLE. |
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Term
| WHAT DETERMINES WHETHER THE GLUCOSE PRODUCES PYRUVATE OR LACTATE? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| WHAT HAPPENS WHEN OXYGEN IS PRESENT? |
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Definition
| THE PYRUVATE WILL BIND WITH ACETLY-COA AND ENTERS THE KREB'S CYCLE. |
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Term
| WHAT DO WE PRODUCE AS WE MOVE THROUGH THE KREB'S CYCLE? WHAT HAPPENS TO THESE MOLECULES? |
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Definition
| NADH, FADH2, CO2. CO2 IS EXCRETED AND NADH AND FADH2 THAT IS PRODUCED GOES INTO THE ETC SO ATP SYNTHESIS CAN OCCUR. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 3 DIGESTIVE ORGANELLE ENZYMES? |
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Definition
| LYSOSOMES, PROTEASOMES, AND PEROXISOMES |
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Term
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Definition
| LYSOSOMES ARE VESICLES THAT COME FROM THE GOLGI COMPLEX AND CONTAIN POWERFUL DIGESTIVE ENZYMES. |
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Term
|
Definition
| ONCE THE LYSOSOME JOINS WITH A DAMAGED PROTEIN IT FORMS A PROTEASOME. A PROTEASOME CONTINUOUSLY DESTROYS UNNEEDED, DAMAGED, OR FAULTY PROTEINS FOUND IN THE CYTOSOL AND THE NUCLEUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THESE ARE USED TO DETOXIFY TOXIC SUBSTANCES SUCH AS ALCOHOL. THERE IS ALOT OF THESE IN HEPATOCYTES |
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Term
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Definition
| A SERIES OF INTRACELLULAR PROTEINS (PERIPHERAL PROTEINS) THAT GIVE THE CELL ITS SHAPE. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 3 SIZES OF A CYTOSKELETON? |
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Definition
| ACTIN FILAMENTS, INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS, AND MICROTUBULES |
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Term
| WHAT DO ACTIN FILAMENTS DO? |
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Definition
| IT IS THE ACTIN FILAMENTS THAT GIVE THE CELL ITS STRUCTURE AND SHAPE. EX. RBC IS A BICONCAVE DISK R/T ACTIN FILAMENTS. IN THE GI SYSTEM IT IS THE MICROVILLI. THE MUSCLE IS USED FOR THE CONTRACTILE APPARATUS. |
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Term
| WHAT DO INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS DO? |
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Definition
| THEY GIVE MECHANICAL SUPPORT FOR NEURONS ESPECIALLY THE DENDRITES. |
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Term
|
Definition
| MICROTUBULES IS COMPOSED OF TUBULIN AND THEY ARE IN 4 DISTINCT PLACES. |
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Term
| WHAT 4 DISTINCT PLACES ARE THE MICROTUBULES IN? |
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Definition
| CENTRIOLES, SPINDLE FIBERS, CILIA, AND FLAGELLA |
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Term
| HOW ARE MICROTUBULES USED IN RELATION TO CENTRIOLES AND SPINDLE FIBERS? |
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Definition
| CENTRIOLES AND SPINDLE FIBERS ARE USED DURING MITOSIS. THE CENTRIOLES ARE ANCHOR POINTS. THE SPINDLE FIBERS ARE THE ROPES THAT GO UP TO THE CHROMOSOMES THAT PULLS THEM TO THE OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE CELL ONCE THE CHROMOSOMES HAVE BEEN DUPLICATED. |
|
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Term
| WHERE ARE CILIA LOCATED AT? |
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Definition
| TRACHEA AND FALLOPIAN TUBES |
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Term
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Definition
| COMES FROM SPERMATOZOON (SPERM) |
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Term
| DOES ENDOCYTOSIS, EXOCYTOSIS, AND PINOCYTOSIS REQUIRE ENERGY? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SIMPLY MOVES FLUID INSIDE THE CELL. IT PINCHES OFF PARTS OF FLUID AND BRINGS IT BACK INTO THE CELL. |
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Term
| WHAT DOES THE EXTRACELLULAR FLUID COMPARTMENT COMPRISE OF? |
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Definition
| VASCULATURE (PLASMA) AND INTERSTITIAL SPACE |
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Term
| WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE 20, 40, 60 RULE WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? |
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Definition
| 20% OF THE BODY WEIGHT IN KG IS THE AMOUNT OF FLUID IN THE EXTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENT. (KG AND 0.2) 40% OF BODY WEIGHT IS THE AMOUNT OF FLUID IN THE INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENT. IF YOU ADD ALL OF THE FLUID THAT IS BOTH INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE CELL THAT IS 60% OF THE TOTAL BODY WEIGHT IN KG IS EQUAL TO WHAT IS KNOWN AS THE TOTAL BODY WATER. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE PERCENTAGE OF BODY WATER IN THE CELL AND IN THE EXTRAVASCULAR SPACE? |
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Definition
| 66% OF FLUID IS IN THE CELL AND 33% OF FLUID IS IN THE EXTRAVASCULAR SPACE |
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|
Term
| WHERE IS THE MAJORITY OF WATER AT IN YOUR BODY? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| OF THE EXTRACELLULAR FLUID WHAT PERCENTAGE IS INTERSTITIAL COMPARED TO PLASMA? |
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Definition
| 80% FLUID IN INTERSTITIAL AND 20% FLUID IN PLASMA |
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Term
| HOW DO YOU CALCULATE HOW MUCH FLUID IS IN THE PLASMA? |
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Definition
| TO CALCULATE OUT YOUR PLASMA VOLUME ALL YOU NEED TO DO IS MULTIPLY YOUR EXTRACELLULAR VOLUME BY 0.2 (20%). SO 20% OF THE ECF IS THE PLASMA VOLUME WHICH MEANS 80% OF THE ECF IS THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID. |
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Term
| WE KNOW OSMOSIS MOVES WATER ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE WHICH OCCURS BETWEEN THE INTRACELLULAR AND EXTRACELLULAR FLUID. WHAT IS IT CALLED WHEN FLUID IS MOVED INTO AND OUT OF THE VASCULATURE, ESPECIALLY THE CAPILLARIES? |
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Definition
| STARLING EQUILIBRIUM OR FORCE |
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Term
| WHERE DOES OSMOSIS OCCUR AND WHERE DOES ONCOTIC PRESSURES OCCUR? |
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Definition
| OSMOSIS OCCURS ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE AND ONCOTIC PRESSURES OCCURE ACROSS CAPILLARIES |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF THE INTERSTITIAL CONCENTRATION OF NA @ 140 AND WHY? |
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Definition
| THE PLASMA AND INTERSITIAL (BOTH ECF) ARE EQUAL BECAUSE NO OSMOSIS TAKES PLACE. THERE IS NO OSMOTIC GRADIENT. IF YOU KNOW THE PLASMA CONCENTRATION THEN YOU KNOW THE ECF CONCENTRATION. |
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Term
| WHAT CAUSES SOME ELECTROLYTES TO DIFFUSE THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANES FASTER THAN OTHERS? |
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Definition
| A HIGHER CONCENTRATION GRADIENT EX. CA ECF 2.4 AND ICF 100X10^-6. |
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Term
| WHEN WE LOOK AT A BOX GRAPH WHAT DOES THE X AND Y AXIS MEAN? |
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Definition
| THE X AXIS IS AN INDICATOR OF VOLUME. WE MEASURE THE CONCENTRATION OF OSMOLARITY ON THE Y AXIS. IF THE BOX IS HIGHER THAT MEANS THAT THE COMPARTMENT IS CONCENTRATED. IF THE BOX IS LOWER THAT MEANS IT IS LESS CONCENTRATED. |
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Term
| WHERE DOES ALL WATER LOSSES OR GAINS OCCUR IN? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| HOW DOES WATER MOVE IN RELATION TO ECF AND ICF AND THROUGH WHAT PROCESSES? |
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Definition
| WE MOVE FROM THE VASCULATURE INTO THE INTERSTITIAL VIA STARLING FORCES AND WE MOVE FROM THE INTERSTITIAL INTO THE INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENT THROUGH OSMOSIS. CONVERSELY WHEN THE PATIENT STARTS LOSING FLUID WHAT HAPPENS? WATER FROM THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID IS GOING TO MOVE INTO THE VASCULAR TO REPLACE THAT FLUID AND WATER FROM THE INTRACELLULAR IS GOING TO MOVE INTO THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID TO REPLACE THAT. I KEEP LOSING FLUID FROM THE VASCULAR, THEN INTERSITIAL, THEN INTRACELLULAR. IT GOES IN STEPS. |
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Term
| WHAT 2 TYPES OF PRESSURES ARE INVOLVED WITH STARLING EQUATION? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HYDROSTATIC AND ONCOTIC PRESSURES? |
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Definition
| HYDROSTATIC PRESSURES (P) ARE THE PRESSURES THAT PUSH FLUID OUT WHEREAS ONCOTIC PRESSURES (π)ARE PRESSURES THAT PULL FLUID IN. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 4 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PRESSURES? |
|
Definition
| CAPILLARY hydrostatic pressure (Pc)IS THE PRESSURE THAT PUSHES FLUID OUT OF THE CAPILLARIES. IT IS A FILTRATION PRESSURE AND DETERMINED BY MABP. interstitial hydrostatic pressure (Pi) IS THE PRESSURE THAT PUSHES THE FLUID BACK INTO THE CELL WHICH IS A REABSORPTION PRESSURE. interstitial oncotic pressure (πi) IS THE PRESSURE THAT PULLS FLUID INTO THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID AND THIS IS A FILTRATION PRESSURE. capillary oncotic pressures (πc) IS THE PRESSURE THAT PULLS FLUID BACK INTO THE CAPILLARIES AND THIS IS A REABSORPTION PRESSURE. |
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Term
| HOW MANY FILTRATION PRESSURES AND REABSORPTION PRESSURES ARE THERE? |
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Definition
| 2 FILTRATION AND 2 REABSORPTION PRESSURES |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE CALCULATION OF THE NFP? |
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Definition
| NFP= FILTRATION PRESSURES - REABSORPTION PRESSURES. IF I NEED TO KNOW WHAT IS GOING OUT THEN I NEED TO SUBTRACT BY WHAT IS COMING BACK IN. |
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Term
| WHEN WE REARRANGE THE FORMULA THE ADD IN THE REFLEXION COEFFICIENT WHAT IS THE FORMULA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE REFLEXION COEFFICIENT? |
|
Definition
| IT IS A UNITLESS NUMBER THAT GIVES US AN INDEX OF THE RELATIVE ABILITY OF THE CAPILLARY TO CONTAIN A PROTEIN. σ TELLS US WHAT PERCENTAGE OF THE PROTEINIS EITHER, INSIDE OR OUTSIDE THE CAPILLARY, ARE REFLECTED OFF THE WALL. IT CAN'T BE GREATER THAN 1 AND CAN'T BE LESS THAN 0. ANOTHER WAY OF SAYING THIS WHAT % OF THE PROTEIN IS STAYING INTRAVASCULAR OR IN THE INTERSTITIAL SPACE. |
|
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Term
| GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF 1 REFLEXION COEFFICIENT. |
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Definition
| IF WE PUT ALBUMIN INTO THE CAPILLARIES AND THAT ALBUMIN CANNOT LEAK THROUGH THAT CAPILLARY IT IS 100% REFLECTED OFF THE WALL. |
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Term
| GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF 0 REFLEXION COEFFICIENT. |
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Definition
| IF WE HAVE A CAPILLARY BED THAT IS IN THE LIVER OR THAT IS SURROUNDED BY ENDOCRINE ORGANS, BUT THIS CAPILLARY BED HAS BIG HOLES IN THE WALL. WHICH MEANS ALBUMIN IS NOT REFLECTED OR CONTAINED IN THE CAPILLARIES. WHERE DOES IT GO? IT GOES OUT TO THE INTERSTITIAL UNTIL THEY ARE EQUAL WITH EACH OTHER. SO THE REFLEXION COEFFICIENT BECOMES 0. |
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Term
| WHERE DO WE ADD σ TO THE EQUATION IN RELATION TO HYDROSTATIC AND ONCOTIC PRESSURES? |
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Definition
| WE ADD THE σ WITH THE ONCOTIC PRESSURES. σ IS NOT GOING TO ALTER THE HYDROSTATIC PRESSURES IT ONLY GOING TO ALTER THE ONCOTIC PRESSURES. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AFTER WE SOLVE THE EQUATION WITH THE σ PRESENT WHAT DO WE END UP WITH? |
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Definition
| WE END UP WITH IS THAT ALL FILTRATION AND REABSORPTION PRESSURES ARE MEASURED IN mmHg AND THE σ IS UNIT LESS. SO IF I SOLVE THE EQUATION I END UP WITH (X mmHg). IT IS A PRESSURE. THE σ WILL ALWAYS BE BETWEEN 0 AND 1. |
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Term
| COMPARE CEREBRAL VASCULATURE, HEPATOCYTES, AND GLOMERULI WITH σ RANGES. |
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Definition
| THE HIGHEST σ IS THE CEREBRAL VASCULATURE. THE LOWEST σ WILL BE THE HEPATOCYTES. THE RENAL CAPILLARIES (GLOMERULI) WILL BE INBETWEEN THE 2. |
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Term
| THE NFP TELLS US HOW MUCH PRESSURE IS MOVING THROUGH IT BUT DOESN'T TELL US WHAT? |
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Definition
| HOW MUCH VOLUME IF MOVING THROUGH IT. |
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Term
| IF I WERE TO CONVERT mmHg INTO ML/MIN WHAT WOULD I NEED? |
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Definition
| A CONVERSION FACTOR. THIS CONVERSION FACTOR IS CALLED THE CAPILLARY FILTRATION COEFFICIENT (Kfc). YOU CAN THINK OF THIS AS THE 2.2 WHEN CONVERTING POUNDS TO KG. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| IT IS THE FLUID FLUX OR THE AMOUNT OF FLUID LEAVING THE CAPIULLARY PER UNIT TIME THAT IS EQUAL TO Kfc x NFP. |
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|
Term
| WHAT IS THE EQUATION THAT CONVERTS mmHg to ML/MIN? |
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Definition
| Jv= Kf [(Pc-Pi)- σ (πc-πi)] |
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Term
| WHAT DOES IT MEAN IF THE Jv (capillary flux) IS POSITIVE? |
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Definition
| FLUID IS LEAVING THE CAPILLARY (FILTRATION) |
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|
Term
| WHAT DOES IT MEAN IF THE Jv IS NEGATIVE? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| DOES THE ARTERIAL OR VENOUS SIDE HAVE A HIGHER Jv AND WHAT? |
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Definition
| THE ARTERIAL SIDE BECAUSE IT HAS A VERY HIGH CAPILLARY HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE PUSHING FLUID OUT. |
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Term
| WHAT HAPPENS TO THE HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE AS WE MOVE FROM THE ARTERIAL END TO VENOUS END? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| IF THE CAPILLARY HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE DECREASES ACROS THE LINK OF THE CAPILLARY WHAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN TO FLUID FLUX? |
|
Definition
| IT DECREASES. THERE IS 1 POINT ALONG THAT CAPILLARY IN WHICH FILTRATION EQUALS REABSORPTION WHERE Jv EQUALS 0. IF I GO BEYOND THAT POINT TOWARD THE VENOUS END I AM NOW REABSORBING FLUID. |
|
|
Term
| SINCE SO MUCH FILTRATION TAKES PLACE THEN REABSORPTION WHY ARE WE NOT WALKING AROUND WITH MASSIVE AMOUNTS OF EDEMA? |
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Definition
| BECAUSE THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM. EXCESS FILTRATION IS TAKEN UP BY THE LYMPHATICS. THE LYMPHATICS DRAIN BACK INTO THE VASCULAR SYSTEM AT THE RIGHT AND LEFT VENOUS ANGLES. THE LYMPHATICS ALLOWS US TO CONSTANTLY FLUSH OUT THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID. IN EVERY CAPILLARY BED IN THE BODY THERE IS MORE FILTRATION THEN THERE IS REABSORPTION. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR CONCENTRATION? |
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Definition
| CONCENTRATION = MASS/VOLUME. WE CAN FIGURE OUT ONE OF THE VARIABLES AS LONG AS WE HAVE 2. |
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Term
| WHAT IS INDICATOR DILUTION METHOD? |
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Definition
| THE PROCESS OF FIGURING OUT THE VOLUME AND THE MASS AND CONCENTRATION IS GIVEN. AN INDICATOR IS NEEDED. |
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|
Term
| WHAT ARE THE 3 RULES THAT APPLY TO THE INDICATOR DILUTION METHOD? |
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Definition
| 1) AN INDICATOR CAN'T BE PRESENT IN AN UNKNOWN VOLUME BEFORE WE BEGIN THE EXPERIMENT 2) THE VOLUME ADDED TO THE UNKNOWN VOLUME MUST ME MUCH SMALLER THAN THE UNKNOWN VOLUME 3)THE INDICATOR CAN'T BE METABOLIZED, DEGRADED, OR CHANGED IN FORM. THIS IS ALL IMPORTANT BECAUSE DIFFERENT DRUGS GO DIFFERENT PLACED AND THEIR VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION. |
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Term
| IF I PUT AN INDICATOR INTO THE VASCULATURE AND THAT INDICATOR CANT PASS THROUGH THE CAP. WALL ITS FORM OF DISTRIBUTION IS WHERE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IF I USED AN INDICATOR INTO THE VASCULATURE SYSTEM, THAT INDICATOR CAN PASS THROUGH THE CAP WALL, BUT CAN'T PASS THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE WHAT IS THE VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IF I USE AN INDICATOR THAT I PUT INTO THE VASCULATURE AND THAT INDICATOR MOVES THROUGH THE CAP WALL AND TO THE CELL MEMBRANE WHAT IS TIS VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| TO GET DRUGS TO ITS THERAPEUTIC CONCENTRATION WHAT DO YOU HAVE TO KNOW? |
|
Definition
| WHAT COMPARTMENT DOES THE DRUG GO TO |
|
|
Term
| WE HAVE 3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF INDICATORS. WHAT INDICATORS ARE DISTRIBUTED TO THE TBW? |
|
Definition
| 3H20, 2H20, AND ANTIPYRINE. ONCE I INTRODUCE 3H20 INTO THE VASCULAR SYSTEM AND THE VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION IS THE TBW, THE CONCENTRATION IS 3H20 IN THE PLASMA IS GOING TO EUQAL THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT. |
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|
Term
| WHERE IS RADIOLABELED NA22, 125I-IODOTHALAMATE, THIOSULFATE, UNULIN DISTRIBUTED? |
|
Definition
| THESE SUBSTANCES ON IN THEIR CHARGED FORM. BEING CHARGED MOLECULES WHILE ALSO BEING IN THE ODD FORM OF THOSE MOLECULES, THESE WILL DISTRIBUTE INTO THE INTERSTITIAL AND PLASMA VOLUME BUT THEY CAN'T CROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE BECAUSE THE ARE CHARGED. THEREFORE, THE VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION OF THESE INDICATORS IS THE ECF. |
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|
Term
| WHAT HAPPENS IF RADIOLABELED ALBUMIN OF EVAN'S BLUE IS USED? |
|
Definition
| THEY STAY IN THE VASCULATURE. SO IF I CALCULATE OUT MY PLASMA VOLUME I WOULD USE ALBUMIN, EVAN'S BLUE, OR CARDIO GREEN. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE THE 2 WAYS OF CALCULATING OUT THE BLOOD VOLUME? |
|
Definition
| 1) USING RADIOLABELED RBCs. 2) BLOOD VOLUME = THE PLASMA VOLUME / (1-hCT). THE HCT IS USED AS A DECIMAL. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE TERM FOR HCT? |
|
Definition
| IT IS THE CONCENTRATION OF RBCS PER VOLUME OF BLOOD. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR HCT? |
|
Definition
| HCT = RBC VOLUME/BLOOD VOLUME |
|
|
Term
| WILL THERE EVER BE A SUBSTANCE THAT WILL MOVE 100% INTO THE INTERSITIAL FLUID AND STAY THERE? |
|
Definition
| NO. WE WILL NEVER HAVE SOMETHING THAT GOES INTO THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID AND STAYS THERE. |
|
|
Term
| HOW DO WE GET THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID VOLUME? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR FIGURING OUT WHAT IS THE ICF? |
|
Definition
|
|
