Term
| List the 4 types of senses |
|
Definition
-Auditory (hearing)
-Mechanical (vestibular [balance]/somatosensory [touch, pain, etc.])
-Chemical (taste/olfaction [smell])
-Vision |
|
|
Term
| Sensory information is detected in the ______ (location of the sensory recptors) and then sent to the ______ often through the thalamus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the change from sensory stimulus to neural impulses is ______ ___________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the vestibular system (balance) receptors often respond to what type of stimuli to indcate position/movement of the head? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vestibular neuron activity increases/decreases depnding on: |
|
Definition
| which direction hair cells bend |
|
|
Term
| Explain the sequence of events that allow us to hear |
|
Definition
-sound waves pass through auditory canal, strike ear drum
-waves cause cilia (auditory receptors) of hair cells to bend
-bending opens calcium 2 ion channels in hair cells
-NT is released from hair cells which stimulates AP in the cochlear nerve
-neural impulses travel to auditory cortex |
|
|
Term
| define and explain somatosensation |
|
Definition
-the sensation of the body and its movements
-not one sense but many! (touch, temp, pressure, pain, tickle...etc.) |
|
|
Term
| List the three types of somatosensory receptors |
|
Definition
-nociception
-hapsis
-proprioception |
|
|
Term
Now, match them with the stimulus type they detect
-nociceptior
-hapsis
-proprioceptior |
|
Definition
N: pain/temp
H: fine touch/pressure
P: location/movement |
|
|
Term
| List the thee different types of sensory areas in the cortex: |
|
Definition
-primary
-secondary
-association |
|
|
Term
| what is: "an area of sensory cortex that receives most of its input DIRECTLY from thalamic relay nuclei of that system" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is: "comprises areas of sensory cortex that receive most of input from primary sensory cortex of that system, or from other areas of SECONDARY sensory cortex of same system" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is: "any area of cortex that receives input from more than one sensory system" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| define heirarchical organization |
|
Definition
| sensory structures organized in hierarchy on basis of specificity and complexity of their function |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between sense and perception? |
|
Definition
| sense is simply detecting the presence of stimulus, while perception recognizes and interprets |
|
|
Term
| spinal sensory neurons the carry pain info release the NT _____ if the stimulus is mild, but release both _________ and _________ if the stimulus is intense |
|
Definition
-glutamate
-glutamate/substance P |
|
|
Term
| capsaicin directly stimulates receptors that are moderate to ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the process capsacin induces is: |
|
Definition
| temporary burning sensation followed by a longer period on decreased pain |
|
|
Term
| in order to lessen pain, opiates bind to the receptors and inhibit the _________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when it comes to chemical senses, response meaning depends on the context of a response to others receptors. Give a real world example of this |
|
Definition
| flavor: it's a combination of food and smell |
|
|
Term
| List the three types of chemical senses |
|
Definition
-olfactory
-taste
-pheremones |
|
|
Term
| List the five different tastes rececptors |
|
Definition
-sweet
-salty
-bitter
-sour
-umami |
|
|
Term
| adaption is when you have a ________ in sensation from a repeated stimulus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The difference in vestibular and chemical sensory transduction is: |
|
Definition
| while vestibular has one specific receptor, chemical has many |
|
|
Term
| Describe the mechanism of taste receptors (sequence) |
|
Definition
-salty allows sodium ions to pass through membrane
-sour closes = polarization
-once infos converted to AP its transferred up to gustatory (where we decide whether we like the taste) |
|
|
Term
| vemeronasal organ (VNO) is associated with ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
VNO receptors maintain their response to stimulus rather than adapting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
pheremones = – chemicals released by an animal that affect the behavior of other members of the same species
SO....conspecifics = ________________. |
|
Definition
| other members of the same species (women on the same menstrual cycle) |
|
|
Term
| what is: "absorption of physical energy by receptors" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is: "conversion of physical energy to an electrochemical pattern in the neurons" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is: "one-to-one correspondence between some aspect of the physical stimulus and some aspect of the nervous system activity" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Largest and most studied visual pathways = _______________________. |
|
Definition
| retina-geniculate-striate pathways |
|
|
