Term
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Definition
| modify the strength of the signal to the photoreceptors |
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Term
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Definition
Type 1- When receive hyper-polarized signal, they invert it and polarize it
Type 2-- non-inverting; no light with increase in glutamate receive signal, but doesn't invert it |
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Term
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Definition
Take information to the brain
Less cells than photoreceptors |
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Term
| function of the inner segment |
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Definition
| to provide ATP (energy) for the sodium-potassium pump |
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Term
| function of the outer segment |
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Definition
| the part of the photoreceptor that absorbs light |
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Term
| single cell recording of ganglion cells |
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Definition
watch 3 cells, record from one
plot areas devoted to activation in each single cell. |
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Term
| Ganglion receptive fields |
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Definition
Off center- excitatory on the side
on-center- excitatory in middle
Orientation doesn't matter
fixation is important. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Why two types of ganglion cell receptive fields |
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Definition
off center: decreases
On center: Increase
Respond to different levels of light |
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Term
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Definition
when the signal crosses from center to surround or center impacting surround
inhibition influencing excitatory response. |
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Term
| Ganglion complex stimulus |
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Definition
if covering inhibitory field, makes it excited
if light in the inhibitory field |
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Term
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Definition
M Cells
achromatic
Big Cell Body
Likes movement
More sensitive to changes in light
Receptive fields increase in the periphery
low resolution, high sensitivity |
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Term
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Definition
like white light
Burst of activity when light turns on and off
Like temporal change in light |
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Term
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Definition
P cells (parvocellular)
Wavelength specific |
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Term
| Midget cells on and off center |
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Definition
on center is specific to long wavelengths excitatory
off center is specific to middle wavelengths excitatory |
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Term
| bi-stratified ganglion cells |
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Definition
unsustained response
small bi stratified
no center surround responses |
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Term
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Definition
small cell bodies
color perception
blue/yellow cells |
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Term
| no center surround responses |
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Definition
short wavelength gives excitaory response
change of light gives excitatory response too
middle+long length = inhibitory response |
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Term
| Photosensitive Ganglion cell |
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Definition
photopigment (melanopsin) that absorbs light
sends information to the suprochiasmatic nucleus and olivary protectal nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
in hypothalamus
cirdaium rhythms |
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Term
| Olivary Pretectal nucleus |
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Definition
| pupil contraction and dialations |
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Term
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Definition
Mostly with rods, not with cones
But acuity is better with cones as 2 signals sends out 2 |
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Term
| receptive fields and hermann grid |
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Definition
excitatory center is the same in both focal points
Surrounded by different inhibition
Size of receptor field |
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