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Self Perception
Self Perception
26
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
08/10/2012

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Term
Self-concept
Definition
an individual’s overall beliefs about his or her own attributes
Term
Self- esteem
Definition
individual’s evaluation of his or her own worth
Term
Affective forecasting
Definition
the process of predicting the impact of both positive and negative events on mood
Term
Self-discrepancy theory
Definition
the theory that our self-concept is influenced by the gap between how we actually see ourselves and how we want to see ourselves
Term
Self –awareness theory
Definition
when people focus on their own behaviour, they are motivated to either change their behaviour (so their attitudes and behaviour are in line) or escape from self-awareness ( to avoid noticing this contradiction)
Term
Self-perception theory
Definition
look to our own behaviour to determine our attitudes and beliefs
Term
Facial feedback hypothesis
Definition
the hypothesis that changes in facial expression can lead to changes in emotion
Term
Overjustification
Definition
the pheonomenon in which receiving external rewards for a given behaviour can undermine the intrinsic motivation for engaging in this behaviour
Term
Social comparison theory
Definition
the theory that people evaluate their own abilities and attributes by comparing themselves to other people
Term
False consensus effect
Definition
the tendency to overestimate the extent to which other people share our opinions, attitudes, and behaviours
Term
False uniqueness effect
Definition
The tendency to underestimate the extent to which other people are likely to share our positive attitudes and behaviour
Term
Unrealistic optimism
Definition
a phenomenon in which people see themselves as more likely than other people to experience good, events, and less likely than other people to experience bad events
Term
Perceived control
Definition
the tendency to see uncontrollable events as at least partially under our control
Term
Basking in reflected glory
Definition
associating with successful others to increase one’s feelings of self worth
Term
Downward social comparison
Definition
Comparing ourselves to people who are worse than we are on a given trait or ability to attempt to feel better about ourselves
Term
Self handicapping
Definition
a strategy in which people create obstacles to success so that potential failure can be blamed on these external factors
Term
Impression management
Definition
strategies that people use to create positive impressions of themselves
Term
Self promotion
Definition
a strategy that focuses on making other people think you are competent or good in some way
Term
Ingratiation
Definition
a strategy in which people try to make themselves likeable to someone else, often through flattery and praise
Term
Self verification theory
Definition
the expectation that other people’s perception of oneself is consistent with one’s own perception of one self
Term
Self monitoring
Definition
the extent to which one adjusts one’s self presentation in different situations
Term
Spotlight effect
Definition
the tendency to overestimate the extent to which one’s own appearance and behaviour are obvious to others
Term
Independent self construal
Definition
a conception of the self as autonomous and independent from others, and behaving primarily to express its own internal attributes
Term
Interdependent self construal
Definition
a conception of the self as connected to others, with its behaviour contingent on the values, thoughts, and preferences of others
Term
Self serving attribution
Definition
the tendency to view oneself in a positive light
Term
Ecological Fallacy
Definition
the error of assuming that relationships between variables at the group level are the same as relationships at the individual level
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