Term
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Definition
Coquina Limestone
Biochemical sediment
Shells, coral fragments, calcareous microfossils
Mostly sand size shell fragments
effervesces in HCL |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary Rock
Coal
Biochemical
plant fragments and/or charcoal
black layered brittle rock |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary Rock
Chert
Mineral crystals (inorganic)
microcrystalline varieties of quartz
may break with conchoidal fracture
hard, scratches glass
may contain fossils as the silica in most chert is derived from dissolution of siliceous phytoplankton ooze |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary Rock
Arkose Sandstone
Detrital sediment grains, fragmented rocks and/or silicate mineral crystals
derived from mechanical and chemical weathering of continental land
Detrital sediment is also called terrigenous
mostly feldspar |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary rock
Chalk
Biochemical sediment grains
Shells and coral fragments (calcareous microfossils)
silty earthy rock comprised of the microscopic shells of calcareous phytoplankton
limestone
carbonate calcareous rocks |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary Rock
Shale
detrital sediment grains, fragmented rocks and/or silicate mineral crystals
no visible grains
mostly clay
may contain fossils
fissile - splits easily into layers
mudstone |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary Rocks
Dolostone
mineral crystals -inorganic
microcrystalline dolomite
effervesces in dilute HCL only if powdered
Usually light colored
evaporite rocks |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary rock
Calcarenite
Biochemical sediment grain
Shells coral fragments
calcareous microfossils
mostly sand sized shell fragments often contains a few larger fossil shells
Fossiliferous Limestone |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary Rock
Conglomerate
Detrital sediment grains
rock fragments, quartz/ feldspar/ clay minerals
Rounded gravel, poorly sorted grains 2mm |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary rock
Breccia
Detrital sediment
rock fragment quartz/feldspar/ clay minerals
angular gravel, poorly sorted, grains larger that 2 mm |
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