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Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
5
Geology
Undergraduate 1
02/02/2018

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Cards

Term
Sandstone
Definition

A clastic sedimentary rock

 

Grain size is anywhere from 60 micrometers to 2 millimeters

 

Made from sand grains that are cemented together

 

Sand makes up at least half of the composition

 

Layered

 

Made of mostly quartz grains, but occasionally feldspar, other minerals and rock fragments

 

Is the most common sedimentary rock because it is made of quartz and feldspar, which are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust

 

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Term
Shale
Definition

A clastic sedimentary rock

 

Made of mud and clay (sediment with grains size less than 4 micrometers)

 

Can be easily split into thin sheets or slabs

 

Layered

 

Extremely fine grained and soft

 

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Term
Limestone
Definition

A chemical or organic sedimentary rock

 

Microscopic to very coarse grain size

 

Composed of mostly calcite

 

Fizzes in acid

 

Shell limestone is organic sedimentary rock formed by the accumulation of shells of dead microscopic organisms

 

Dolomite limestone is chemical sedimentary rock formed by deposits of minerals left behind as water runs through caves

 

 Shell limestone may have fossils in it

 

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Term
Conglomerate
Definition

A clastic sedimentary rock

 

Made of pebbles (gravel), cobblestones, and/or boulders cemented in sand, silt or clay

 

Rounded and/or smooth clasts

 

Clasts are poorly cemented together

 

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Term
Bituminous Coal
Definition

An organic sedimentary rock

 

Formed from the remains of dead plants that have been morphed under heat and pressure for millions of years

 

Used as fossil fuel

 

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