Term
| benzodiazepine antagonist |
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Definition
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Term
| non-benzodiazepine agonists that act at alpha-1 subunit |
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Definition
eszopiclone,
zaleplon,
zolpidem |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| all end in "lam/pam?" except for chlordiazepoxide |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| more intense than stage 3...delta/slow-wave sleep |
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Term
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Definition
increased heart rate,
muscle paralysis,
intense dreaming |
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Term
| normal sleep cycle pattern |
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Definition
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Term
| benzodiazepines modulate... |
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Definition
| GABA receptor, and they REQUIRE GABA for action |
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Term
| benzodiazepines effetcs on sleep |
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Definition
increase time in stage 2,
decrease time in stage 1,3,4 and REM
increase number of REM cycles |
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Term
| cautions with benzodiazepines |
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Definition
children,
ethanol,
impaired liver function,
sleep-related breathing disorders |
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Term
| benzodiazepines and cardiovascular |
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Definition
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Term
| benzodiazepines drug interactions |
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Definition
cimetidine, oral contraceptives,
drugs that require CYP3A4 |
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Term
| the ideal hypnotic agent from benzodiazepines |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| intermediate acting benzos |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| flurazepam, diazepam, quazepam |
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Term
| benzodiazepine agonists that are approved for 7-10 day treatment |
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Definition
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Term
| causes morning sedation, and concerns with next day driving |
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Definition
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Term
| 1st and only drug indicated for chronic treatment of insomnia |
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Definition
| eszopiclone...alcohol exacerbates |
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Term
| used for benzodiazepine overdose, to reverse sedative effects |
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Definition
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Term
| barbiturates sleep stage effects |
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Definition
decrease REM and stage 3-4 sleep,
increase total sleep time,
decrease sleep latency |
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Term
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Definition
GABA A receptor,
AMPA receptor antagonist |
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Term
| barbiturates side effects |
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Definition
hangover, increased pain perception,
depressed respiration,
decreased BP and HR,
inhibit steroid metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
given orally,
delayed by food |
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Term
| barbiturates contraindications |
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Definition
| porphyria, pulmonary insufficiency |
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Term
| higher abuse rate and lower TI than benzos |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
melatonin receptor agonist,
useful for delayed sleep onset,
approved for long-term use,
side effects of amenorrhea, nipple discharge |
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Term
| ramelteon drug interactions/contraindications |
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Definition
fluvoxamine/ketoconazole will INCREASE concentration,
rifampin will DECREASE concentration
contraindicated in liver/pulmonary disease |
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Term
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Definition
orexin receptor 1 and 2 antagonist,
causes impaired day time wakefulness(sleep driving) |
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Term
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Definition
<3 days,
use lowest dose hypnotic for 2-3 days |
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Term
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Definition
3 days to 3 weeks,
hypnotic intermittently for 7-10 days |
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Term
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Definition
>3 weeks,
try nonpharmacological treatments first |
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Term
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Definition
| if using a short-acting benzo, then first switch to a long-acting benzo and taper off |
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