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Security+ 4th ed. Chapter 02
Ciampa's Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals
25
Other
Undergraduate 4
10/27/2011

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Term
Adware
Definition
A software program that delivers advertising content in a manner that is unexpected and unwanted by the user.
Term
Backdoor
Definition
Software code that gives access to a program or a service that circumvents normal security protections.
Term
Botnet
Definition
A logical computer network of zombies under the control of an attacker.
Term
Computer virus (virus)
Definition
A malicious computer code that, like its biological counterpart, reproduces itself on the same computer.
Term
Dumpster diving
Definition
The act of digging through trash receptacles to find information that can be useful in an attack.
Term
Hoax
Definition
A false warning.
Term
Impersonation
Definition
An attack that creates a fictitious character and then plays out the role of that person on a victim.
Term
Keylogger
Definition
Captures and stores each keystroke that a user types on the computer’s keyboard.
Term
Logic bomb
Definition
Computer code that lies dormant until it is triggered by a specific logical event.
Term
Malware
Definition
Software that enters a computer system without the user’s knowledge or consent and then performs an unwanted—and usually harmful—action.
Term
Pharming
Definition
A phishing attack that automatically redirects the user to a fake site.
Term
Phishing
Definition
Sending an e-mail or displaying a Web announcement that falsely claims to be from a legitimate enterprise in an attempt to trick the user into surrendering private information.
Term
Rootkit
Definition
A set of software tools used by an attacker to hide the actions or presence of other types of malicious software.
Term
Shoulder surfing
Definition
Watching an authorized user enter a security code on a keypad.
Term
Social engineering
Definition
A means of gathering information for an attack by relying on the weaknesses of individuals.
Term
Spam
Definition
Unsolicited e-mail.
Term
Spear phishing
Definition
A phishing attack that targets only specific users.
Term
Spim
Definition
A variation of spam, which targets instant messaging users instead of e-mail users.
Term
Spyware
Definition
A general term used to describe software that spies on users by gathering information without consent, thus violating their privacy.
Term
Tailgating
Definition
The act of unauthorized individuals entering a restricted-access building by following an authorized user.
Term
Trojan horse (Trojan)
Definition
An executable program advertised as performing one activity, but actually does something else (or it may perform both the advertised and malicious activities).
Term
Vishing
Definition
A phishing attack that uses a telephone call instead of using e-mail.
Term
Whaling
Definition
A phishing attack that targets only wealthy individuals.
Term
Word splitting
Definition
Horizontally separating words so that they can still be read by the human eye.
Term
Worm
Definition
A malicious program designed to take advantage of a vulnerability in an application or an operating system in order to enter a computer and then self-replicate to other computers.
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