Term
| Identify the basic functions of the circulatory system. |
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Definition
* Heart transports oxygen, nutrients & hormones to cells.
* Includes heart, blood vessels & circulating blood.
* Distributes oxygen, nutrients, water & heat throughout the body
* Transport wastes to sites for excretion
* Plays roll in Immune System |
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Term
| State the location of the heart |
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Definition
* Near Anterior chest wall, posterior to sternum.
* Centred slightly to Left Midline
* Heart is rotated to the L so R Atrium & R Ventricle dominate an anterior view of the heart |
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Term
| Blood returning to the heart from the body is? |
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Definition
| Deoxygenated & transported in veins |
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Term
| The pulmonary veins transport what type of blood & where? |
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Definition
| Oxygenated blood to heart. |
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Term
| The Right & Left chambers of the heart are separated by? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Normal Heart rate is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Arterioles are small arteries that deliver blood to the ....... |
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Definition
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Term
| The Sino-atrial node is also know as the? |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify the layers of the Heart |
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Definition
[image]
* Epicardium - serous membrane that forms outer wall
* Epicardium - Visceral - serous membrane covering the outer surface of the heart attached to myocardium
* Myocardium - Muscular wall of the heart composed of concentric loayers of cardiac muscle - contains blood vessels
* Endocardium - simple squamous epithelium, lines inner surfaces of heart, including valves. |
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Term
| The heart has 4 chambers, what are they and which direction is the blood pumped through them? |
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Definition
[image]
Right Atrium - right Ventricle - Left Ventricle - Left Atrium |
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Term
| Identify the Great Vessels which enter & exit the heart. |
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Definition
[image]
Pulmonary Vein
Pulmonary Artery
Aorta
Vena Cava - Superior & Inferior |
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Term
| Identify the valves of the heart and their function. |
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Definition
[image]
1. Tricuspid - prevents backflow from R Atrium to R Ventricle
2. Pulmonary - prevents backflow from R Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery
3. Mitral - prevents back flow from L Atrium to L Ventricle
4. Aortic - Prevents backflow from L Ventricle to Aorta |
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Term
| Identify the valves that guard arteries leaving the heart. |
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Definition
[image]
Pulmonary Valve
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Guard the basis of the large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers. |
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Term
| Outline the blood flow through the heart. |
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Definition
[image]
1. Right Atrium - receives deoxygenated blood from the Superior & Inferior Cava. Also receives blood from cardiac veins via coronary sinus.
2. Right Ventricle - blood travels from Right Atrium into Right Ventricle through broad opening bounded by Atrio-ventricular (AV) Valve.
3. Left Atrium - receives oxygenated blood from Pulmonary veins.
4. Left Ventricle - Thicker wall then Right Ventricle, allowing it to develop enough pressure to push blood through large systemic circuit. |
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Term
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Definition
Each heartbeat is followed by a brief resting phase, which allows all four chambers to relax and prepare for the net heart beat.
The period of the start of one heartbeat and the beginning of the next is a single cardiac cycle.
The cycle therefore includes alternating periods of contraction & relaxation. |
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Term
| Briefly describe the conduction system of the heart. |
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Definition
[image]
* Consists of Cardiac Muscle cells & conducting fibres (not nervous tissue)that are specialised for initiating impulse and conducting them rapidly through the heart.
* They initiate the normal cardiac cycle & co-ordinate the contractions f cardiac chamber.
* Both Atria & Ventricles contract together, but Atria contractions occur first. |
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Term
| Where does the heart gets its blood supply? |
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Definition
| Coronary Arteries that eventually carry blood within the heart muscle. |
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Term
| List & describe the blood vessels of the body & explain their function? |
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Definition
'BLOOD COMING TO THE HEART'
1. PULMONARY CIRCUIT - Carries blood to & from the gas exchange surfaces of the lungs.
2. SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT - transport blood to & from the rest of the body.
3. VEINS - blood vessel carrying blood from a capillary bed toward the heart - thin walls & capillary vessels.
BLOOD GOING FROM THE HEART
1. ARTERIES - Carries blood away from the heart & toward a peripheral capillary.
CAPILLARIES - EXCHANGE VESSELS
This walls that permit the exchange of nutrients, dissolved gasses & waste products between the blood & surrounding tissues. Single layer of epitherial cells. |
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Term
| What are the two main Circulations of the body? |
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Definition
[image]
Pulmonary Circuit
Systemic Circuit |
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