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| The force that acts to resist the relative motion (or attempted motion) of objects or materials that are in contact. |
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| The property of any body to resist changes in its state of motion. Mass is the measure of inertia. |
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| A physical quantity varies inversely as another quantity squared. Example: Illumination varies inversely as the square of the distance from the source. |
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| The fundamental SI unit of mass. One kilogram (symbol kg) is the amount of mass in one liter of water at 4 °C. |
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| Every body continues in its state of rest, or of motion in a straight line at constant speed, unless acted upon by a nonzero force. Also known as Newton's first law. |
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| Law of universal gravitation |
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| For any pair of objects, each object attracts the other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the objects, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers of mass |
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| A measure of an object's inertia; also a measure of the amount of matter in an object. Depends only on the amount of and kind of particles that compose an object-not on its location (as weight does). |
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| SI unit of force. One newton (N) is the force applied to a one-kilogram mass that will produce an acceleration of one meter per second per second. |
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| Universal gravitational constant |
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Definition
| The constant G in the equation for Newton's law of universal gravitation; measures the strength of gravity. |
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Definition
| The force on a body due to the gravitational attraction of another body (commonly Earth). |
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