Term
| At what age in girls and boys does neuron thickening undergo pruning? |
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Definition
girls: 11 yo
boys: 12.5 yo |
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Term
| what part of the brain matures first? and what does this mean? |
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Definition
back of brain matures before the front of the brain
risky, impulsive behaviors; poor planning and judgment, activities with high excitement/low effort preferred; poor modulation of emotions; heightened interest in novel stimuli |
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Term
| at what age does brain development reach maturity? |
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Definition
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Term
| in humans, the avg time span between physical and mental maturity is: |
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Definition
10 years
physical maturity ends at 15, brain development at 24 (so about 10) |
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Term
| when should first PAP smear be conducted? |
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Definition
| age 21 regardless of age of sexual debut |
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Term
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Definition
1. good sensitivity and specificity
-risks of false negatives
2. liquid based cytology may be better
3. can determine presence of cancer
-squamous or adenocarcinoma
-cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
4. can determine precursors of cancer
-dysplasia
5. dx/rx
-colposcopy with biopsy
-endocervical curatage |
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Term
| what percentage of cervical cancers caused by HPV 16 &18? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| psychological effects of timing of puberty |
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Definition
early puberty: biological--taller than peers but may end up short. psychological--positive in boys (higher self-esteem), negative in girls (positive self-esteem). social--diff from peers, treated as adolescent while still a child
late puberty: biological--short stature but later should achieve normal height. psychological--low self esteem in boys; no major problems in girls. social--treated by adults and peers as less mature than real age; difficulty in separating from parents and getting in work |
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Term
| highest risk for cervical cancer among which population |
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Definition
| highest risk among hispanic women; problem for immigrants. |
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Term
| cervical cancer risk factors |
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Definition
1. HPV (causal factors: mult sex partners, sex at early age), HPV common in healthy women, rarely result in cervical ca.
2. persistant infection may lead to cancer d/t: 1. immunosuppression (HIV+), high parity
3. cigarette smoking |
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Term
| syphilis: caused by, test, and treatment |
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Definition
caused by Treponema pallidum
abortion, stillbirth, neonatal frequent in untreated pt
treatment with benzathine penicillin
serologic testing mandatory with RPR and titers (FTA-ABS) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), western blot, plasma HIV RNA is high |
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Term
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Definition
chlamydia, gonorrhea, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, urinary tract infection, syphilis, group b streptococcus
*HIV and Herpes-2 are clinically managed |
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Term
| CDC guidelines for chylamydia |
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Definition
| screen sexually active adolescents, women between ages 20-25, women older than 25 who do not use barrier methods, women older than 25 with multiple sex partners |
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Term
| risk factors for IPV (intimater partner violence) |
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Definition
| age, gender, sexual minority (aka weaker partner), violent hate crimes |
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Term
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Definition
Actual or threatened physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional abuse by a
-Sig other
-can be of same sex
-women experience it more than men |
|
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Term
| who is at the greatest risk for nonfatal IPV: |
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Definition
Both females and males who were separated, divorced had the greatest risk of nonfatal IPV.
*most homicides involved spouses/bf-gf |
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Term
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Definition
Women - Sexual and IPV
• American Indian and Alaska Native women experience highest IPV rates
• Young women, ages 20-24 and 16-19 at greatest risk for rape and sexual assault.
• Stalking highest in 18 &19 year olds |
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Term
| Screening questions to ask for IPV |
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Definition
1. Within the past year -- or since you have been pregnant --have you been hit, slapped, kicked or otherwise physically hurt by someone?
2. Are you in a relationship with a person who threatens or physically hurts you?
3. Has anyone forced you to have sexual activities that made you feel uncomfortable?“
Source: American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists
4. Has a friend, a date, or an acquaintance ever pressured or forced you into sexual activities when you did not want them?
5. Touched you in a way that made you uncomfortable?
6. Anyone at home? Anyone at school? Any other adult?
7. Do you know how to reduce your risk of sexual assault? |
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Term
| prevalence of sexual violence and victimization (US): |
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Definition
-10.6% of women reported experiencing forced sex at some time in their lives
-2.1% of men reported experiencing forced sex at some time in their lives
-2.5% of women surveyed and 0.9% of men surveyed said they experienced unwanted sexual activity in the previous 12 months.
*In the US, approximately 1.5 million women and 834,700 men are raped and/ or physically assaulted by an intimate partner each year. |
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