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Term
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Definition
print and electronic means of communication that carry messages to widespread audiences
Ex: internet, newspaper, magazines, books, music, radio, tv |
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Term
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the flow of content across multiple media, and the accompanying migration of media audiences
Ex: you watch TV and you see someone but can't recognize them, so you look it up online and you find out who they are and then put it on facebook, twitter, or tumblr |
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| FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVES: |
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Definition
Socialization
enforcement of social norms
conferral of status
Promotion of consumption
Narcotizing effect (dysfunction) |
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| Socialization(Functionalist) |
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Definition
Increase social cohesion by presenting a common, more or less standardized view of culture
Mass media can bring together communities by broadcasting certain events (Olympics, press conferences, parades, disaster coverage) |
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| enforcement of social norms( functionalist) |
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Definition
Show sanctions for behavior, so it reaffirms proper behavior
Negative: 16 and pregnant, cops, law and order, jersey shore
Positive: mr. rogers, vegitales, barney(kids shows), glee
Also glorifies disapproved behavior too (drug use, physical violence) |
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| Conferral of status(functionalist) |
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Definition
Media confer status on people, organizations, & public issues by singling out 1 out of thousands for celebrity status
Prince William versus any other prince |
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| Promotion of consumption(functionalist) |
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Definition
Advertising
Product placement
Media ads contribute to culture that creates ‘needs’ and unrealistic expectations of what is required to be happy or satisfied |
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| Narcotizing effect (dysfunction)((functionalist) |
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Definition
the phenomenon in which the media provide such massive amounts of coverage that the audience becomes numb and fails to act on the information, regardless of how compelling the issue
EX. telethons: after-affects of Haiti(they were telling us to donate money and pray and what not, but as soon as they stopped hearing about it, we forgot about it and just assumed it was better |
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GATEKEEPING
MEDIA MONITORING
DIGITAL DIVIDE
CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY |
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Gatekeeping: the process by which a relatively small number of people in the media industry control what material eventually reaches the audience( a new band wants to sign with your label, but there is a band that is like them and they may compete, they won't sign them)
Profits are more important than the quality of the programming for mass media
Internet has less gatekeeping than other outlets, but is still not a free-for-all( like child porn is not allowed) |
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Interest groups monitor media content (e.g., representations of their group)
Monitoring of individuals media use & choices without their knowledge |
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Digital divide: the relative lack of access to the latest technologies among low-income groups, racial and ethnic minorities, rural residents, and citizens of developing countries
With media becoming essential to economic progress (finding a job, accessing information to improve skills), not having access to the internet is a problem |
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Definition
Mass media maintain the privileges of certain groups
Media transmits messages in line with dominant ideology(Justifies ideas of dominant group((the people in power)))
Media content helps perpetuate stereotypes that become stand-ins for accurate portrayals of reality |
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| INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVES: |
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Definition
IMPACT ON SOCIAL BEHAVIORS
SOURCE OF FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS |
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| Impact on social behaviors |
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Definition
Interested in shared understandings of everyday behavior
Internet facilitates new forms of communications & social interaction (keeping in touch; online dating; support groups; cyber bullying) |
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| Source of friendship networks |
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Definition
TV becomes a shared experience for friends
Egocasting: people have greater control over what they see & hear, so they personalize their media exposure; this could lead to a less tolerant society |
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Mirco and Macro level analysis
Are increasingly segmented(everyone watches different shows) |
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How audience members interact with one another at an event
How audience interactions may influence the performer
Role of opinion leaders
Opinion leader: someone who influences the opinions and decisions of others through day-to-day personal contact & communication(can impact people through blog, or if you're the trend setter among friends) |
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Examination of broader societal consequences of media
Early childhood education via Sesame Street
Impact of video games on teen violence rates |
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