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Science Vocabulary
Jalisa White Review words for the science EOG retest
43
Science
8th Grade
05/25/2012

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Term
Unicellular 
Definition
The smallest unit of a living thing.
Term
Multicellular
Definition
Organisms made up of many cells.
Term
Microscope 
Definition
An instrument which makes an object appear bigger than it is.
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
A protective covering that encloses the entire cell.
Term
Cytoplasm 
Definition
Contained inside the cell membrane is a gelatin like material.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
A structure enclosed by its own membrane.
Term
Organelle
Definition
To describe any part of a cell that is enclosed by membrane. 
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
A tough outer covering that lines just outside the cell membrane. 
Term
Chloroplasts
Definition
Organelles in which the energy from sunlight is used to make sugar.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
The organelles that use oxygen to get energy from processing food.
Term
Vacuole
Definition
A space or vesicle within the cytoplasm if a cell, enclosed by a membrane cavity.
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
A network of membranous tubules whiten cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell,continuous with the nuclear membrane.
Term
Ribosomes 
Definition
A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells.
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
A complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryote cells, involved on secretion and intracellular transport.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
An organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryote cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Term
Eukaryotic Cell
Definition
The genetic material enclosed by its own membrane.
Term
Prokaryotic Cell
Definition
Is no separate compartment for the genetic material.
Term
Specialization 
Definition
The act of specializing making something suitable for a special purpose
Term
Tissure
Definition
A group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job.
Term
Organ 
Definition
Different tissues working together to perform a particular function represent another level of organization.
Term
Chemical Energy 
Definition
The energy stored in the bounds between atoms of every molecule.
Term
Glucose
Definition
A major energy source for most cells is stored in a sugar molecule 
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
Is the process that plant cells use to change the energy in glucose. 
Term
Chlorophyll
Definition

A light absorbing pigment,or colored substance, that traps the energy in sunlight.


Term
Cellular Respiration
Definition
Cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugar such  as glucose.
Term
Diffusion 
Definition
The process by which molecules spread out, or more from areas where there are many if them to areas were there fewer of them.
Term
Passive Transport 
Definition
Materials move without using the cell's energy 
Term
Osmosis
Definition
The diffusion of water through membrane 
Term
Active Transport 
Definition
The is process of using energy to move materials through a membrane
Term
DNA
Definition
A chemical that contains information for a organism's growth and functions 
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
DNA is wrapped around proteins like thread around a spool and compacted into structures
Term
Cell Cycle 
Definition
The normal sequence of development and development and division of a cell
Term
Interphase 
Definition
The part of the cell cycle during which a cell is not dividing.
Term
Prophase 
Definition
The first stage of cell divison
Term
Metaphase
Definition
The second stage of cell division 
Term
Anaphase
Definition
The stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division
Term
Telophase 
Definition
The final phase if cell division 
Term
Cytokinesis 
Definition
The division of the parent cell's cytoplasm.
Term
Mitosis
Definition
The part of the cell cycle during which the nucleus divides.
Term
Meiosis
Definition
A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each with half  the chromosome number of part of the parent cell.
Term
Kingdom 
Definition
The highest classification into which living organisms are grouped in Linnean taxonomy,  ranking above a phylum.
Term
Binary Fission 
Definition
The form is asexual reproduction and cell division used by all prokaryotes.
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