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Science Test Chapter 3 Study Guide
Study guide for the chapter 3 test tommorrow at JHS, if you're looking for this.
47
Science
7th Grade
09/24/2012

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Term
All matter is made of what?
Definition
Atoms
Term
What part of an atom has a positive charge?
Definition
A proton.
Term
What part of an atom has a negative charge?
Definition
An electron.
Term
What part of an atom has no charge?
Definition
A neutron.
Term
What is a molecule made up of?
Definition
Atoms.
Term
What holds atoms together in a molecule?
Definition
The energy of chemical bonds.
Term
The size of a molecule determines whether it will pass through a ______ _________membrane.
Definition
selectively permeable.
Term
What type of compounds are in you and all living things?
Definition
Organic compounds.
Term
Organic compounds always contain what?
Definition
Carbon.
Term
What are a few elements that are found in organic compounds?
Definition
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Term
What are four types of organic compounds?
Definition
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Term
What are a few examples of carbohydrates?
Definition
Sugars, starches, and cellulose.
Term
Lipids contain how many times more energy than carbohydrates?
Definition
Two times more.
Term
Proteins are used for what?
Definition
Building cell parts.
Term
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
Definition
Amino acids.
Term
Nucleic acids store what in a cell?
Definition
Information.
Term
What are a few examples of nucleic acids?
Definition
RNA and DNA.
Term
What is the passive transport of water through a cell membrane called?
Definition
Osmosis.
Term
What is an example of osmosis?
Definition
A plant wilting.
Term
A window screen is selectively permeable, which means what?
Definition
That it only lets some things through and keeps others out.
Term
Cells are __________ permeable.
Definition
Selectively permeable.
Term
Water is the compound that allows what to happen?
Definition
It allows materials to move through a cell membrane through osmosis.
Term
In the egg experiment, vinegar was the ______ and the egg was the ________. The vinegar caused the egg shell to dissolve.
Definition
Vinegar: acid
Term
What caused the egg to shrink and why?
Definition
Corn syrup caused the egg to shrink because it had a lower concentration than the water outside.
Term
What caused the shriveled egg to expand?
Definition
Distilled water.
Term
What are two bases that people sometime take to neutralize stomach acid?
Definition
Tums and Roliads.
Term
Since diffusion does not require energy, it is a type of what?
Definition
Passive transport.
Term
Active transport requires what?
Definition
Energy.
Term
What is a type of transport that does not require energy?
Definition
Passive transport.
Term
When you smell bacon that is cooking in another room, you are experiencing what?
Definition
Diffusion.
Term
Diffusion occurs when a substance travels from an area of ______ concentration to an area of _____ concentration.
Definition
High concentration
Term
What condition occurs when concentration of water is the same inside and out of a cell?
Definition
Equilibrium.
Term
What doesn't stop when equilibrium is reached?
Definition
Molecular movement.
Term
The total of all chemical reactions in an organism is called what?
Definition
Metabolism.
Term
Do producers make their own food?
Definition
Yes.
Term
Consumers can't do what.
Definition
Make their own food.
Term
Photosynthesis is what?
Definition
The process by which producers make their own food. It involves combining carbon dioxide and water through the Sun's energy and make sugar.
Term
Photosynthesis produces what?
Definition
Sugars and glucose.
Term
Plants use what to produce their food?
Definition
Chlorophyll found in chloroplasts.
Term
Plants and animals both undergo what?
Definition
Respiration.
Term
What happens during respiration?
Definition
Chemical reactions occur that break down food molecules into simpler substances and release their energy.
Term
What is the reason why your muscles get sore?
Definition
Lactic acid.
Term
Fermentation is the process that releases what?
Definition
Oxygen.
Term
During fermentation, what wastes are produced?
Definition
Lactic acid, alcohol, and carbon dioxide.
Term
Yeast cells get their energy during what?
Definition
Fermentation.
Term
The wastes of yeast (carbon dioxide) causes what to happen?
Definition
It causes bread to rise.
Term
Yeast are also used in making what?
Definition
Alcoholic beverages.
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