Term
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Definition
| DNA (transcription) RNA (translation) protein |
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Term
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Definition
| fundamental unit of info, segment of DNA that encodes info |
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Term
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Definition
| gene + intergenic (non-coding)DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| packaged DNA, single, large nucleic acid molecules containing many genes that store and transmit genetic info |
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Term
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Definition
| small, RNA or DNA, infectious parasites (not free-living) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 circular double-stranded DNA, some have plasmids (smaller extrachromosomal elements) |
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Term
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Definition
| in nucleus, larger and more complex, introns and exons, also have mitochondrial DNA - circular double stranded |
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Term
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Definition
| intrinsic, intervening sequences, nontranscribed |
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Term
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Definition
| expressed DNA (1.5% of human DNA) |
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Term
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Definition
| does not contain introns, viral and prokaryotic DNA, histones |
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Term
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Definition
| colinear DNA, role in packaging/protection of DNA and regulating accessibility of DNA, rich in basic aa (+ b/c DNA is -), undergoes post-translational modifications, position on DNA can affect expression |
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Term
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Definition
| attachment point for proteins during cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| end of chromosome, helps stabilize, not readily replicated, telomerase maintains length |
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Term
| how is DNA compacted into small cell? |
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Definition
| supercoiled, topoisomerase - enzyme to control extent of DNA supercoiling, wrap DNA around nucleosome, pack nucleosome into 30nM fiber, looping/folding/coiling further compact |
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Term
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Definition
| breaks one strand of DNA, rotates, then rejoins |
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Term
| Type II topoisomerase (DNA gyrase) |
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Definition
| breaks both strands of DNA, rotates, then rejoins |
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Term
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Definition
| in nondividng cells, contains DNA, histones, small amount of RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| 8(2 of 4 types)histones + DNA, ~200 bp, many = beads on a string, for protection and some compaction of DNA |
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