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Science flash cards
Study guide
37
Science
8th Grade
05/30/2007

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Term
Force
Definition
Any push or pull on an object
Term
Balanced Forces
Definition
When two opposing forces on an object are equal
Term
Unbalanced forces
Definition
When there is a net force acting on an object
Term
Galileo
Definition
Italion thinker who stated that objects resist any change in motion
Term
Inertia
Definition
The tendency of an object to resist any change in it's motion
Term
Isaac Newton
Definition
An english mathmatician who explained the way forces will affect the way things move through his three laws of motion
Term
Friction
Definition
This force acts in a direction opposite to an object's direction of motion
Term
Gravity
Definition
An attractive force between any 2 objects that have mass
Term
Air resistance
Definition
The type of resistance objects experience when they fall thru the air
Term
Weight
Definition
The measure of gravity's pull on an object
Term
Mass
Definition
The measure of the amount of matter in an object
Term
Machine
Definition
A device with which you can do work more easily
Term
Inclined plane
Definition
A flat, slanted surface
Term
Wedge
Definition
A device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end
Term
Screw
Definition
An inclined plane wrapped around a cylender
Term
Lever
Definition
A rigid bar that is free to pivot around a fixed point
Term
Fulcrum
Definition
The fixed point around which a lever rotates
Term
Wheel and Axle
Definition
A simple machine made of 2 circular objects fastened together that rotate
Term
Pulley
Definition
A rope or chain that is wrapped around a grooved wheel
Term
Compound Machine
Definition
A machine that is made up of 2 or more simple machines
Term
Gears
Definition
Toothed wheels that fit into one another
Term
What causes things to accelerate?
Definition
When forces act on objects
Term
Newton's First Law
Definition
An Object at rest will stay at rest
Term
Newton's second law
Definition
Force= mass X acceleration
Term
Newton's Third law
Definition
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Term
Difference between Mass and Weight
Definition
Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object
Weight is measure of the gravitational pull on an object
Term
Names and Examples of 6 types of simple machines
Definition
Inclined Plane: Ramp
Screw: Bottom of light bulb
Wedge: Axe head
Lever: Your elbow
Pulley: Flag Pole
Wheel and Axle: Your car
Term
Why would you weigh more/less on a different planet?
Definition
The size of the planet... the more mass the planet has the more gravitational pull so you will weigh more
Term
Why do things fall to earth?
Definition
Gravity
Term
Refraction
Definition
Bending of waves due to a change in speed
Term
Crests
Definition
The highest part of a wave
Term
Primary waves
Definition
Travel as longitudal waves
Term
Tsunamis
Definition
Underwater earthquakes cause these kind of huge waves on the surface
Term
Trough
Definition
The lowest point of a wave
Term
Amplitude
Definition
The distance particles moves from the rest position to maximum weight
Term
Seismograph
Definition
Can be used to detect seismic activity and can also be used to detect valuable resources
Term
Transverse Waves
Definition
Waves that move the particles of the medium perpendicular to the direction that the waves are traveling are called
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