Term
ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND EFFICIENCY
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
SYSTEM |
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Definition
* A set of interconnected parts
* The laws of thermodynamics describe events involving heat and its conversion into mechanical and other forms of energy within a system |
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Term
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS |
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Definition
* A law stating that total energy, including thermal energy (heat), in a system and its surroundings remain constant
* The first law of thermodynamics covers not only mechanical energy, but also heat and all other forms of energy |
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Term
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
PERPETUAL MOTION MACHINE |
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Definition
* A hypothetical machine in which all the input energy converts completely into mechanical energy; perfect machine
* Once set in motion, a perpetual motion machine will remain in motion for forever without having to add any additional energy |
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Term
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS |
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Definition
* A law stating that heat always flows naturally from a hot object to a cold object and never naturally from a cold object to a hot object
* No process can remove thermal energy from a source and convert it entirely into mechanical energy. Some of the thermal energy from the source will remain as thermal energy |
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Term
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS |
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Definition
* No process can be 100% efficient. Some energy will be lost as heat
* Work is needed to make thermal energy move from cold to hot
(Note that the second law does not state that any substance will flow from hot to cold. Only the thermal energy is subject to this law) |
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