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Definition
| smaller particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
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| the very small center core of an atom. Made up of a group of smaller particles called protons and neutrons. |
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| move rapidly around the nucleus and have a negative electric charge |
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| An element can be identified by? |
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Definition
| the number of protons in the nucleus |
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Definition
| the number of protons in its nucleus |
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| atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons |
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| the sum of the protons and neutron in the nucleus of an atom |
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| Why do scientists create models for atoms? |
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| a diagram, a mental picture, a mathematical statement, or an object that helps explain ideas about the natural world |
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| the average mass of all the isotopes of that element |
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| What did Mendeleev notice about patterns? |
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Definition
| he noticed that a pattern of properties appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass |
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| a chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties |
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| a one or two letter representation of an element |
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Each square in the periodic table includes?
*4 |
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Definition
- the element's atomic number
- chemical symbol
- name
- atomic mass
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Term
| The properties of an element can be predicted, how? |
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Definition
| from the location in the periodic table |
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Term
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Definition
| the table is arranged in horizontal rows |
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Definition
| the elements in a column. also, know as families |
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| The physical properties of metals |
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Definition
- shininess
- malleability
- ductility
- conductivity
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Definition
| one that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes |
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| the ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object |
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| the ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds |
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| the destruction of a metal through this process |
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| the metals in Group 1, from lithium to francium |
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| How does the reactivity of metal decrease? |
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Definition
| you move from left to right across the periodic table |
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Term
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Definition
Group 2 of the periodic table
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Definition
- the elements in groups 3 through 12
- hard and shiny
- good conductors of electricity
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| a mixture of a metal with at least one other element, usually another metal. |
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- Elements that follow uranium are made---or synthesized---when nuclear particles are forced to crash into one another
- move atomic nuclei faster and faster until they have reached high speeds and crash into each other
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| an element that lacks most of the properties of a metal |
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- poor conductors of electricity and heat and reactive with other elements
- solid nonmetals are dull and brittle
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- an element found in Group 17 of the periodic table
- which means salt forming
- very reactive
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals |
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| The most useful property of the metalloids |
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Definition
| their varying ability to conduct electricity |
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Definition
| substances that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not under other conditions |
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Definition
| state of matter consists of a gas-like mixture of free electrons and atoms stripped of electrons |
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Definition
- a process in which two atomic nuclei combine to from a larger nucleus, releasing huge amounts of energy in the process
- combines smaller nuclei into larger nuclei, creating heavier elements
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- cloudlike region of gases
- a star like the sun shrinks, and its elements spread into space
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- a huge explosion that breaks apart a massive star, producing temperatures up to 1 billion degrees Celsius
- provides enough energy for the nuclear fusion reactions that create the heaviest elements
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