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Science - Chapter 1 Sections 3 & 4
Vocabulary
44
Science
7th Grade
08/22/2011

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Cards

Term
What was an early theory that living things could come from non-living things; disaproved by Louis Pasteur in the mid-1800s?
Definition
Spontaneous generation
Term
What does bigogenisis mean?
Definition
the theory that living things come only from other living things
Term
What was Alexander I. Oparin's hypothesis on the origins of life?
Definition
gases in Earth's early atmosphere combined to form more complex compounds found in living things
Term
Name the four gases in Earth's early atmosphere
Definition

a. ammonia

b. hydrogen

c. methane

d. water vapor

Term
Who tested Oparin's hypothesis and showed that chemicals found in living things could be produced? (two names)
Definition
Stanley L. Miller and Harold Urey
Term
Who classified organisms more than 2,000 years ago?
Definition
Aristotle
Term
Who introduced a system based on similar structures of organisms?
Definition
Curolus Linnaeus
Term
What is the evolutionary history of an organism called?
Definition
Phlogeny
Term
Today's classification system separates organisims into how many kingdoms?
Definition
Six (6)
Term
Kingdoms are the ____ and ________ category.
Definition
First and Largest
Term
What is the smallest classification of organisms categorey?
Definition
species
Term
Organisms that belong to the same species can mate and produce what?
Definition
Fertile offspring
Term
What is the two word system used by Linnaeus to name a species?
Definition
Binomial Nomenclature
Term

What word identifies the genus, or group of similar species?

a. Second

 b. First     

 c. Last      

Definition
First word
Term
The Second word tells something about the species- what kind of things?
Definition
what it looks like, where it is found, or who discovered it.
Term

Why do we use Scientific names?

Name the four why's

 

 

Definition

a. to avoid mistakes

b. to show that organisms in the same genus are related

c. to give descriptive information

d. to allow information to be organized easily.

Term
What are field guides?
Definition
descriptions and illustrations of organisms
Term
What are Dichotomous Keys?
Definition
detailed lists of identifying characteristics that include scientific names
Term
Name two tools for identifying organisms,
Definition

Field Guide

Dichotomous Keys

Term
What are living things called?
Definition
organisms
Term
What is the definition of cell?
Definition
smallest units carrying on life functions
Term
What is binomical nomenclature?
Definition
the naming system developed by Linnaeus
Term
What is the first and largest category in the classification used today?
Definition
kingdom
Term
What is a law?
Definition
a statement about how things work in nature
Term
What is the ability to maintain a steady condition?
Definition
homeostatis
Term
What is phylogeny?
Definition
the history of how an organism has changed over time
Term
What are groups of similar species called?
Definition
genus
Term
What is Spontaneous Generation?
Definition
the idea that living things come from nonliving things
Term
What is the idea that living things come only from other living things?
Definition
biogenisis
Term
What is a scientific method?
Definition
organized steps to solve a problem
Term
What is a hypothesis?
Definition
a prediction that can be tested
Term
What is a varible?
Definition
what is being tested in an experiment
Term
What is control?
Definition
standard used to compare the test materials
Term
What is a theory?
Definition
an explanation based on many ovservations
Term
What is a process that uses certain skills to solve problems?
Definition
critical thinking
Term
What is a rule that tells us how nature works?
Definition
scientific law
Term
The International System of Units is a system of what?
Definition
measurement
Term
What would you use to measure the volume of a small amount of liquid?
Definition
graduated cylinder
Term
Scientists often perform what to test a hypothesis?
Definition
expeirement
Term
People once believed that living things came from nonliving matter, an idea called what?
Definition
Spontaneous genoration
Term
Redi's experiment showed that what would hatch from the eggs of flies, not from meat?
Definition
maggots
Term
Do living things come from nonliving things?
Definition
NOPE
Term
What replaced the theory of spontaneous generation?
Definition
biogenesis
Term
Who's hypothesis suggested that early Earth's atmosphere lacked what?
Definition
Oparin's and lacked oxygen
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