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Science 24 B Fossil Fuels
terms from Chapter 8
11
Science
11th Grade
05/01/2014

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Term
fossil fuels
Definition
fuels such as coal, crude oil, natural gas that were formed from the remains of swamp vegetation and/or animals that lived about 300 million years ago
Term
petroleum
Definition
another word for crude oil
Term
reservoir rock
Definition
porous rock containing tiny droplets of oil forced there by changes in the Earth's crust
Term
seismic survey
Definition
a method used to determine the location of potential oil and gas reserves by sending shock waves through the layers of the Earth's crust. The printout generated by the reflections of the waves shows the underground rock formations
Term
pump jack or lift pump
Definition
the component of the oil well that lifts oil located deep underground hundreds of metres to the surface
Term
distillation
Definition
a process by which a substance such as crude oil is separated into its component parts by boiling it and then condensing the resulting vapours
Term
combustion
Definition
a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen to produce heat and light (burning)
Term
hydrocarbons
Definition
a group of fossil fuels that are made up of hydrogen and carbon (includes crude oil, methane, propane, etc.)
Term
non-renewable
Definition
something that can be used only once and will not form again in nature in the foreseeable future
Term
acid deposition - acid precipitation
Definition
acidic materials that deposit on the Earth (liquids or solids that contain sulfuric or nitric acid) = acid rain or dry pollution "dust"
Term
global climate change (global warming)
Definition
long term shifts in climate patterns causing some places to get warmer and others cooler than normal
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