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SCI-Chapter 2: chemical reactions
N/A
29
Science
8th Grade
12/17/2011

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Term
what are the two changes that matter can undergo?
Definition

physical and chemical

 

Term
what do physical changes affect in a substance?
Definition
size, shape, or whether its is a solid, liquid or gas
Term
what do chemical changes produce?
Definition
new substances that have properties different from those of the original substance
Term
what is a process that produces chemical changes?
Definition
chemical reaction
Term
what is the substance that exists before the reaction begins?
Definition
reactants
Term
what is the substances that form as a result of the reaction?
Definition
product
Term
what tell chemists at a glance the reactants, products, physical state, and proportions of each substance present?
Definition
chemical equation
Term
listed on the left side of an arrow, separated from each other by plus signs
Definition
reactants
Term
listed on the right side of the arrow, separated by plus signs
Definition
products
Term
what tells how many atoms of each element are in a compound?
Definition
subscript
Term
states that the number and kind of atoms must be equal for products and reactants
Definition
the law of conservation of mass
Term
what must you observe when you write the chemical equation for a reaction?
Definition
the law of conservation of mass
Term
who first stated the law and through experimentation realized when chemical reactions occured mothing is ever lost or created, however atoms do change partners?
Definition
Antoine Lavoisier
Term
what can never be placed in the middle of a compound
Definition
a coefficient
Term
what do chemical reactions absorb and release?
Definition
energy
Term
how are some ways energy is released
Definition
light, sound and heat
Term
absorbs heat energy
Definition
endothermic reactions
Term
releases heat energy
Definition
exothermic reactions
Term
in reactions that________ energy, the reactants are more________ , and their bonds have _____ energy than tose of the products
Definition
absorb;stable;less
Term
minimum amount of energy need to start a chemical reaction
Definition
activation energy
Term
tells how fast a reaction occurs after it has started
Definition
rate of reaction
Term
what affects the rate of chemical reactions?
Definition
temperature
Term
most chemical reactions speed up with______  _______.
Definition
increased temperature
Term
what affects the rate of a chemical reaction?
Definition
concentration of a substance; surface area
Term
what is the amount of substance present in a certain volume?
Definition
concentration
Term
a substance that slows down a chemical reaction
Definition
inhibitor
Term
what can stop a chemical reaction
Definition
an inhibitor
Term
a substance that speeds up chemical reactions
Definition
cataylst
Term
large protein molecules that speed up reactants need for cell to work properly
Definition
enzymes
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