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Sci 208: Death Analysis, Exam 3
Traumatic Death and Blood Spatter Analysis
45
Science
Undergraduate 2
11/09/2010

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Term
Hypoxia
Definition
decreased oxygenation at the tissue level
Term
asphyxia
Definition
impairment of respiratory system, decrease of O2, loss of consciousness 2ndary to decrease of O2
Term
obstructive hypoxia
Definition
no O2 reaching the lungs
Term
obstructive hypoxia examples (2)
Definition
suffocation, choking
Term
restrictive hypoxia
Definition
prevented physically from inhaling/exhaling
Term
positional asphyxia =
Definition
restrictive hypoxia (Burking)
Term
ischemic hypoxia
Definition
decreased blook flow to tissue/organ, leading to infarction
Term
Example of ischemic hypoxia (2)
Definition
heart attack, strangulation
Term
hypoxic hypoxia
Definition
lack of environmental O2
Term
Smothering =
Definition
obstructive hypoxia
Term
strangulation =
Definition
ischemic hypoxia
Term
drowning =
Definition
obstructive hypoxia
Term
fresh water drowning
Definition
decreased eloctrolytes, increase blood volume
Term
salt water drowning
Definition
increased electrolytes, decreased blood volume
Term
floating position
Definition
torso face down, limbs hanging
Term
adipocere
Definition
transfer of fat into waxy cast over body - can preserve features
Term
Inverted V ligature marks =
Definition
unsupported hanging
Term
horizontal ligature marks =
Definition
supported hanging
Term
long drop hanging
Definition
neck breaks, instant death
Term
short drop hanging
Definition
strangulation
Term
unsupported hanging
Definition
occludes arterial and venous blood flow - minimal petechia; VASCULAR CONGESTION
Term
supported hanging
Definition
occludes only venous system: petechia present in skin and eyes!!
Term
voltage
Definition
storage of charged particles (Volts, V, mV)
Term
current
Definition
movement of charged particles (Amperes, A, mA)
Term
resistance
Definition
opposition to current flow (ohms)
Term
ground
Definition
place for current to pass on to
Term
arborization
Definition
damaged blood vessels that look like branching fern-like pattern, due to hemolysis
Term
most lethal range of AC
Definition
10-150 Hz
Term
Current flow factors (4)
Definition
voltage, current, contact area, duration
Term
low voltage =
Definition
less than 1000v - direct contact usually necessary
Term
high voltage =
Definition
more than 1000 v
Term
projected blood spatter
Definition
spattered after applied force
Term
transfer blood spatter
Definition
wiped from 1 surface to another
Term
passive/gravity spatter
Definition
dripping
Term
spatter void
Definition
absence of blood spattered due to something blocking the way
Term
cast-off
Definition
due to blunt trauma, low velocity
Term
physics of spatter
Definition
surface tension, oscillates - larger oscillates more
Term
angle of impact
Definition
90: H=L
30: H=1/2L
Term
LVS
Definition
passive, drip spatter, low applied force, greater than 3mm
Term
MVS
Definition
beatings, stabbings, 25-100fps, smaller than 3mm
Term
HVS
Definition
gunshots, explosions, less than 1mm, "mist", dry quickly, small distance, greater than 100fps
Term
blood clotting
Definition
biological, liquid changes to gel, 3-13 minutes, average 7
Term
blood drying
Definition
function of losing water
Term
skeletonized blood
Definition
d/t central portion drying and flaking, or trying to clean after drying has started
Term
arterial gushing
Definition
wavy patter, lines coming down from waves
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