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School neuropsych
board exam
140
Psychology
Professional
07/20/2011
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Term
In what decade did the interest in the school neuropsychology specialization first start?
 Definition
1980s *
Term
Using the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt test to predict overall brain dysfunction would be an example of what stage in the history of clinical neuropsychology?
 Definition
the single test approach stage *
Term
According to the author, what is the principal reason why the Halstead-Reitan tests for children and the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery – Children’s Revision are not suitable for current clinical use?
 Definition
Neither test has contemporarily collected broad-based normative data. *
Term
George Hynd was the first person to refer to neuropsychology as a specialty area in doctoral school psychology.
 Definition
TRUE
Term
Luria’s conceptualization of “functional systems” within the brain has served as the theoretical foundation for several current tests including all of the following except one, which one?
 Definition
Test of Memory and Learning (Reynolds & Bigler, 1994) *
Term
Current state of the art practice demands that assessments have a theoretical foundation to aid in test interpretation.
 Definition
TRUE
Term
What stage in the history of clinical neuropsychology deemphasized localization of brain “lesions” and emphasized the identification of impaired and spared abilities?
 Definition
the functional profile stage *
Term
All of the following could be a typical role of a school neuropsychologist, except one, which one?
 Definition
Administer CBM measures exclusively without regard to individual differences. *
Term
What term is used to describe a condition in which many medications are administered to a child without the known potential interactive side effects?
 Definition
polypharmacy *
Term
What is the name of the certification board that credentials school psychologists with added competency in school neuropsychology?
 Definition
American Board of School Neuropsychology *
Term
Who are the authors of the Cognitive Hypothesis Testing (CHT) Model?
 Definition
Hale and Fiorello *
Term
What are the four component parts to the CHT Model?
 Definition
Theory, Hypothesis, Data Collection, and Interpretation *
Term
Within the CHT Model, what types of tests are generally used in the first level of data collection?
 Definition
Intelligence/cognitive tests *
Term
Determining the neurocognitive constructs required to successfully complete a particular test or task is called:
 Definition
Conducting demand analysis *
Term
In Miller’s School Neuropsychology Conceptual Model, what are the subcomponents of attentional processes?
 Definition
Selective/focused attention, sustained attention, shifting attention, divided attention, and attentional capacity *
Term
Measures of attentional capacity all share this same attribute:
 Definition
As the test items progress they increase in length or complexity. *
Term
In Miller’s School Neuropsychology Conceptual Model, what are the subcomponents of visual-spatial processing?
 Definition
Visual perception with a motor response, visual perception (motor-free), visual perceptual organization, visual scanning/tracking. *
Term
In Miller’s School Neuropsychology Conceptual Model, what are the subcomponents of language processing?
 Definition
Auditory/Phonological Processing, receptive language, expressive language *
Term
In Miller’s School Neuropsychological Conceptual Model, what are the major subcomponents of memory and learning?
 Definition
Immediate memory, long-term delayed memory, working memory, and semantic memory *
Term
Which two functions/processes serve as the building blocks for all of the other higher order neurocognitive processes?
 Definition
Attention and sensory-motor functions *
Term
CHC in the CHC theory states for what?
 Definition
Carroll-Horn-Cattell *
Term
What WJIII-COG test requires the child to learn visual-verbal associations using a set of rebuses?
 Definition
Visual-Auditory Learning *
Term
The WJIII-COG Auditory Working Memory test measures what neurocognitive processes?
 Definition
short-term memory span, working memory, and divided attention
Term
The WJIII-COG Pair Cancellations test measures what neurocognitive processes?
 Definition
Executive processing (interference control), Attention/concentration (sustained attention, & Processing speed (performance under time constraints)
Term
Although this WJIII-COG test loads on Visual-Spatial Thinking, it is also an indirect measure of visual short-term memory. What test is this?
 Definition
Picture Recognition *
Term
Which test on the WJIII-COG was designed to measure cognitive fluency?
 Definition
Rapid Picture Naming *
Term
Which WJIII-COG test was designed to measure auditory closure?
 Definition
Incomplete Words *
Term
Which WJIII-COG test is Woodcock’s answer to the Halstead-Reitan’s Category Test?
 Definition
Concept Formation *
Term
The WJIII-COG’s Broad Attention Clinical Cluster measures which four aspects of attention?
 Definition
Attentional capacity, selective attention, divided attention, and sustained attention. *
Term
If the clinician wants to get a broader representation of Phonemic Awareness on the WJIII-COG, what supplemental test from the WJIII-ACH battery needs to be administered?
 Definition
Sound Awareness *
Term
Which WJIII-COG test fits within the School Neuropsychological Model in the sustained attention category?
 Definition
Pair Cancellations *
Term
A clinician administered the Extended WJIII-ACH Battery. What reading tests should be reported for the purposes of a specific learning disability in reading?
 Definition
Basic Reading Skills, Reading Comprehension, and Reading Fluency *
Term
A clinician administered the Standard WJIII-ACH Battery. What reading tests should be reported for the purposes of a specific learning disability in reading?
 Definition
Letter Word Identification, Passage Comprehension, and Reading Fluency *
Term
Which WJIII-ACH tests load on the Written Expression Cluster score?
 Definition
Writing Samples and Writing Fluency *
Term
The Cognitive Efficiency Performance Cluster is composed on which two CHC Clinical clusters?
 Definition
Short-term memory and processing speed *
Term
Which two are core subtests on the WISC-IV Working Memory index?
 Definition
Digit Span and Letter-Number Sequencing *
Term
Which of the following is a supplemental subtest on the WISC-IV Perceptual Reasoning Index?
 Definition
Picture Completion *
Term
Which WISC-IV subtest is not part of the Processing Speed Index?
 Definition
Letter-Number Sequencing *
Term
Which are the four WISC-IV Indices?
 Definition
Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, and Processing Speed
Term
A significantly low Verbal Comprehension Index score could indicate?
 Definition
possible poor language skills, limited early language exposure, and/or possible hearing concerns
Term
A significantly low Working Memory Index score could indicate?
 Definition
poor encoding of memory, possible language difficulties, and/or poor concentration
Term
All of the WISC-IV Integrated subtests can be administered after all of the WISC-IV subtests are administered, except one. Which WISC-IV subtest needs to be administered right after it’s WISC-IV counterpart?
 Definition
Coding Recall *
Term
On the WISC-IV Integrated, the multiple-choice subtests are designed to:
 Definition
Reduce the verbal expression and memory retrieval demands
Term
Children with traumatic brain injuries tend to perform worse on the multiple choice versions of the WISC-IV Integrated subtests than the original WISC-IV versions?
 Definition
FALSE
Term
Poor performance on Block Design – No Time Bonus may reflect children with:
 Definition
Visual-perceptual difficulties, Motor difficulties, & Verying rates of cognitive processing (processing speed)
Term
What is suggested by a strength in Block Design Multiple Choice compared to the original WISC-IV Block Design?
 Definition
The original Block Design subtest performance may have been limited by the motor output requirements
Term
When Symbol Copy is poor relate to other Coding measures, instructional implications could include:
 Definition
extra time for written assignments, handwriting remediation, and/or specific work segments with self-checking
Term
Which of the following WISC-IV/WISC-IV Integrated subtests has the working memory demand?
 Definition
Digit Span Backward *
Term
Which of the WISC-IV Integrated subtests requires the child to tap a pattern on raised blocks after the pattern is demonstrated by the examiner?
 Definition
Spatial Span *
Term
What is suggested when the Elithorn Mazes score is significantly lower than the Elithorn Mazes with no time score?
 Definition
Indicates that the child possesses adequate cognitive planning ability, but that her/his performance on Elithorn Mazes may be limited by time demands
Term
Which of the following refers to a decreased oxygen supply to the brain?
 Definition
Hypoxia *
Term
Which subtype of cerebral palsy affects 70-80 percent of CP patients with the symptoms of muscles stiffly and permanently contracted?
 Definition
Spastic cerebral palsy *
Term
What is the most common type of brain tumor in children?
 Definition
Medulloblastoma *
Term
A break in the bone that surrounds the skull is called a:
 Definition
Skull Fracture *
Term
A blot clot that forms between the skull and the top lining of the brain is called:
 Definition
Epidural hematoma *
Term
This damage occurs when there is a lot of twisting and turning of brain tissue during an accident or injury?
 Definition
Diffuse Axonal Injury *
Term
The inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord causes this disease?
 Definition
Meningitis *
Term
A medical condition that is characterized by the ventricles of the brain overfilling with cerebrospinal fluid is called?
 Definition
Hydrocephalus *
Term
The juvenile form of this muscular dystrophy is associated with learning disabilities before onset of motor problems. ADHD and anxiety problems may also be present. What is the disorder?
 Definition
Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy *
Term
Cocaine exposure prenatally leads to serious neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral disturbances? [false]
 Definition
FALSE
Term
What is an umbrella term used to cover a variety of neurological disabilities that interfere with the normal ability to use sensory information to function smoothly in daily life?
 Definition
Sensory Processing Disorder *
Term
Sensory disorders may be manifested in which way:
 Definition
overstumulated, understimulated, and/or sensation seeking
Term
Fibers from the nasal retinas cross over to the ispilateral side at what brain structure?
 Definition
Optic chiasm *
Term
The primary auditory cortex is located in the:
 Definition
Superior part of the temporal lobe
Term
The pathway for pain and temperature sense is called the:
 Definition
Anterolateral system *
Term
The pathway for touch, proprioception, and movement is called the:
 Definition
Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system *
Term
This DSM diagnosis is characterized by marked delays in reaching developmental motor milestones (e.g., crawling, walking, sitting), difficulty mastering gross motor tasks (e.g., catching a ball), difficulty with fine motor coordination (e.g., handwriting), and being poor at sports. What is this disorder?
 Definition
Developmental Coordination Disorder *
Term
This part of the brain is involved in planning complex movements and in coordinating movements involving both hands.
 Definition
Supplemental motor cortex *
Term
Damage to the cerebellum can cause what types of dysfunction?
 Definition
ataxia, dysarhia, and/or hypotonia
Term
A child with damage to this part of the brain will accelerate a hand position beyond what is normal when reaching for an object. What part of the brain is damaged in this case?
 Definition
Cerebellum *
Term
On the TEA-Ch, which two subtests were designed to measure selective/focused attention?
 Definition
Sky Search and Map Mission *
Term
Samantha is working on a math assignment and the teacher asks the class to put away their math work and get out their reading books. Samantha continues to work on her math assignment. What type of attentional processing could be impaired in Samantha?
 Definition
Shifting attention *
Term
Johnnie is continually distracted by the sound of cars passing by the classroom’s window that faces a street. What kind of attentional processing is most probably impaired in Johnnie?
 Definition
Selective/focused attention *
Term
The neuroanatomical focus for shifting attention seems to be centered in what part of the brain?
 Definition
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex *
Term
Which neurotransmitter plays a major role in regulating attention?
 Definition
Dopamine *
Term
What brain structure distributes norepinephrine to facilitate alerting and exciting a broad network of neural networks?
 Definition
Locus coeruleus *
Term
Someone can’t have ADD and also have depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric problems.
 Definition
FALSE
Term
Which of the following types of attention is related to short-term memory?
 Definition
attentional capacity *
Term
Which of the following types of attention is related to working memory?
 Definition
divided attention *
Term
A continuous performance test (CPT) would be used to measure what type of attention?
 Definition
sustained attention *
Term
What brain structure serves as a relay station for visual information?
 Definition
thalamus *
Term
What part of the visual cortex corresponds to Luria’s primary zone?
 Definition
striate cortex *
Term
Perception of objects takes place within what part of the visual cortex?
 Definition
extrastriate cortex *
Term
There are two streams of visual analysis within the brain. Which one recognizes where an object is located and whether it is moving?
 Definition
dorsal stream *
Term
There are two streams of visual analysis within the brain. Which one recognizes what an object is and what color it has?
 Definition
ventral stream *
Term
What term means an impaired ability to recognize visual information?
 Definition
visual agnosia *
Term
What term means impaired face recognition?
 Definition
prosopagnosia *
Term
What brain structure seems to regulate the recognition of people’s faces?
 Definition
fusiform gyrus *
Term
An impaired recognition of the meaning of whole pictures or objects, but intact ability to describe the parts of the pictures/objects, describes what condition?
 Definition
simultanagnosia *
Term
What part of the visual cortex corresponds to Luria’s secondary zone?
 Definition
extrastriate cortex *
Term
Speech sounds are discriminated in what part of the brain?
 Definition
Herchel’s gyrus *
Term
The receptive language center of the brain is located where?
 Definition
Wernicke’s area *
Term
The expressive language center of the brain is located where?
 Definition
Broca’s area *
Term
What term is used to refer to poor ability to initiate nonverbal as well as verbal movements of the speech musculature?
 Definition
oromotor apraxia *
Term
The term that is used to refer to a convoluted way of saying something is called?
 Definition
oromotor apraxia
Term
The term that is used to refer to the inability to name something is called?
 Definition
anomia *
Term
What type of aphasia is characterized by slow, laborious, and nonfluent speech?
 Definition
Broca’s aphasia *
Term
What term is used to describe difficulty with pronunciation due to weakness or poor coordination of the muscles of lips, tongue, jaw, etc
 Definition
dysarthia *
Term
At what age does a child have a speaking vocabulary of about 300 words?
 Definition
2-3 years *
Term
What type of aphasia is characterized by intact comprehension and spontaneous speech but difficulty with repeating words?
 Definition
Conduction aphasia *
Term
This type of NEPSY-II score considers both completion time and the number of errors. What is this type of score called?
 Definition
Combined score
Term
Design Copying Global Score would be an example of what type of NEPSY-II score?
 Definition
Process score
Term
An examiner suspected that a child may have a learning difference in the area of math
 Definition
Diagnostic Assessment Battery
Term
What is the suitable age range for the NEPSY-II?
 Definition
3-0 to 16-11 years
Term
The Fingertip Tapping subtest on the NEPSY-II is recommended for all of the clinical groups below except one, which one?
 Definition
suspected reading disorder
Term
What is the possible neurocognitive explanation for why a child would perform better on the Response Set (Part 2) than Auditory Attention (Part 1) on the Auditory Attention and Response Set subtest on the NEPSY-II?
 Definition
Any or all of these could be the reason for the performance pattern.
Term
What is the best explanation for the following pattern of scores on the NEPSY’s Auditory Attention and Response Set subtest: Response Set Combined (scaled score = 10), Total Commission Errors (percentile rank = 11-25%), and Total Correct (percentile rank = 26-75%)?
 Definition
May reflect a slow time in correct responding or impulsive or inattentive responding.
Term
A high number of omissions (percentile rank > 75 and classified as above expected level) on the Auditory Attention and Response Set subtest of the NEPSY-II would reflect:
 Definition
poor vigilance, poor selective or sustained attention, and/or failure to understand the directions.
Term
On the Design Copying test of the NEPSY-II, if the child shows intact capacity to imitate or create general shapes (perceives the general configuration), but confuses or leaves out pertinent details, which subtest score will most likely be lower?
 Definition
Design Copying Local Score
Term
Which NEPSY-II test would be useful to test for sign of dysarthia?
 Definition
Oromotor Sequences
Term
On the NEPSY-II’s Memory for Designs subtest, a low score on this measure suggests difficulty learning visual details
 Definition
Memory for Designs Content Score
Term
On the NEPSY-II Memory for Faces test, what is the neurocognitive explanation for a child achieving a higher Memory for Faces Delayed Score than the initial Memory for Faces Total Score?
 Definition
Face recognition improves with consolidation time.
Term
Which NEPSY-II test would be useful to measure automaticity of naming?
 Definition
Speeded Naming
Term
The Inhibition subtest on the NEPSY-II measures:
 Definition
processing speed, verbal retrieval, and/or self monitoring
Term
When a child has a high number of self-corrected errors on a task, this indicates:
 Definition
good self monitoring
Term
On the NEPSY-II, indirect measures of processing speed can be evaluated by:
 Definition
Examining the completion time scores relative to the number of errors.
Term
A child with autism would probably perform poorly on which of the following NEPSY-II tests:
 Definition
affect recognition, theory of mind, and/or memory for faces
Term
Which of the NEPSY-II subtests measures the child’s ability to infer a mental state in someone else?
 Definition
Theory of Mind
Term
The order of the NEPSY-II subtest administration is most dependent upon:
 Definition
The time lapse between immediate and delayed memory tasks is accounted for.
Term
If a child had know or suspected brain damage, which NEPSY-II assessment battery should be chosen?
 Definition
Full NEPSY-II Administration
Term
The type of memory that refers to general knowledge of the world (e.g., facts, vocabulary, rules) is called:
 Definition
semantic memory *
Term
Retrograde amnesia is:
 Definition
the inability to recall information prior to a brain injury
Term
When memorizing a list of words, the words that are last to be presented are more easily recalled
 Definition
recency effect *
Term
The visuospatial sketchpad can be compromised by damage to what part of the brain?
 Definition
bilateral parietal regions *
Term
Baddeley and Hitch's (1974) Working Memory Model theorizes a modality nonspecific cognitive system that coordinates processes in working memory
 Definition
phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad *
Term
In children, memory problems occur more frequently as secondary to deficits in attention, verbal processing, and visual perception, rather than as problems that are specific to memory alone
 Definition
TRUE
Term
What term is used to describe memory retrieval without the aide of external cues?
 Definition
free recall *
Term
Unilateral right temporal lobe damage can effect everything below except for one, which one?
 Definition
recall of stories *
Term
Which two brain structures plays a major role in memory?
 Definition
Amygdala and hippocampus *
Term
What part of the brain seems to be responsible for transferring short-term memories to long-term memories?
 Definition
hippocampus *
Term
Bilateral removal on the temporal lobes in the case study of H
 Definition
anterograde amnesia *
Term
In Baddeley and Hitch’s Working Memory Model, what is the command and control center that presides over the interactions between the two subordinate systems and long-term memory?
 Definition
central executive *
Term
In the School Neuropsychological Conceptual Model, memory is categorized into what three major divisions?
 Definition
immediate memory, long-term memory, and working memory *
Term
What are the names of the three major stand-alone tests of memory and learning for children?
 Definition
Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning – Second Edition, Test of Memory and Learning-2, and Children’s Memory Scale *
Term
Memory for Stories tests would be categorized where in the school neuropsychology conceptual model?
 Definition
verbal memory with context *
Term
All memory for stories tests across batteries measure the same neurocognitive abilities?
 Definition
FALSE
Term
On a list learning test, the number correct from the last trial minus the number correct on the first trial is considered a measure of:
 Definition
learning *
Term
In a memory recall test, a recall error such as recalling “car” for “truck” is called?
 Definition
a semantic error *
Term
Which type of memory is not assessed on the WRAML-2, Children’s Memory Scale, or TOMAL-2?
 Definition
semantic memory *
Term
Tests such as recalling digits or letters backwards are designed to measure what aspect of memory?
 Definition
verbal working memory *
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