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The fundamental units of the physical world.
Ex: H |
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When atoms combine through chemical reactions.
Ex: H2 |
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When a molecule has two different types of atoms.
Ex: CCl4 |
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| The smallest particle of an atom |
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| On the left side of an equation |
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| On the right right of an equation, the results. |
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Lacking Carbon.*
*Except Carbon Dioxide is still considered Inorganic. |
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| More than one macromolecules |
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The backbone: NH2 bonded with C, bonded with H, bonded with C, double bonded with O and bonded with OH. and the R on the bottom always varies.
Protein is a polymer of amino acids. |
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| When a atom is bonded twice, usually involves Carbon. |
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| The O C and OH of the Amino acid back bone. |
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Polymers of amino acids.
Also known as polypeptide. |
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A bond between two amino acids which results in the release of water. (Dehydration synthesis)
It can be broken through hydrolysis (water molecule added to the structure) |
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| When a water molecule is released/removed. |
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| When a water molecule is added to the structure. |
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"Sweetness"
Monomer of what Carbohydrates are made of |
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| One single saccharide = a carbohydrate |
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A carbohydrate.
C6H12O6.
Double bonds on top of carbon.
Can form ring structure. |
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| Same structure as Glucose, C6H12O6 but double bonds with 2nd Carbon from top. |
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Di = TWO.
Two monosaccharides linked. |
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A type of disaccharide.
Formed when 2 glucose link and a water molecule is released.
C12 H22 O11 |
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Table sugar.
Formed with 1 Glucose + 1 Fructose - 1 water molecule.
C12 H22 O11 |
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| When more than 2 monosaccharides link. |
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A type of polysaccharides.
Polymer of glucose.
Form in which animals (and humans) store glucose. |
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Polymer of glucose.
Form in which plants store glucose.
Polysaccharide. Carbohydrate. |
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Polymer of Glucose.
Polysaccharides. Carbohydrate.
Found in stems, leaves, and woods.
Usually forms plant walls. |
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Non-polar.
Doesn't interact well with water. |
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A type of lipid found within the body.
3 fatty acids combined with one glycerol (An alcohol with 3 Carbon atoms) molecule. |
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A type of Lipid found within the body.
Same as Triglycerides but one fatty acid is replaced with a Phosphate group (-PO3 ^2-)
The phosphate group is hydrophilic! |
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| A phosphate (polar) ball linked with a fatty acid (non-polar) string. = cell membrane |
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A nucleic Acid
found in the nucleus.
Made up of sugar, phosphate, and a base.
4 possible bases: Adenine, Cytosine, Guamine, and Thymine.
Attains two strands (Double helix!) |
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Single stranded molecule.
Same bases as DNA except Thymine is replaced with Uracil. |
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Bonds with Thymine.
With 2 hydrogen bonds. |
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bonds with Cytosine
with 3 hydrogen bonds on the DNA |
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