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Santrock Ch. 2
Biological Processes, Physical Development, and Perceptual Development
16
Other
Undergraduate 3
09/19/2010

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Term
Natural Selection
Definition
Individuals that are best adapted are the ones to survive and reproduce.
Proposed by Charles Darwin
Term
Adaptive behavior
Definition
A behavior that promotes an organism's survival in their natural habitat
Term
Evolutionary Psychology
Definition
emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping behavior
Term
Behavior Genetics
Definition
Studies links between heredity and behavior, but NOT study genes directly
Term
Shared genes
Definition
Genes that are shared among blood relations, including twins, siblings, cousins, and members of the same race/ethnicity
Term
Passive Correlation
Definition
parents who are genetically related to the child provide a rearing environment for the child. For example, if parents enjoy reading, and read to their kids, their children may develop an interest in reading
Term
Evocative correlation
Definition
This occurs because a child's characteristics elicit certain typ[es of environments
Term
Active Correlation
Definition
(Niche Picking) Children seek out environments that they find stimulating and compatible.
Term
Epigenetic View
Definition
Development is a bidirectional interchange between heredity and environment
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
Threadlike structure that comes in 23 pairs, one of each coming from each parent. Contains DNA
Term
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Definition
Double helix shaped molecule with genetic information
Term
Mitosis
Definition
The cell's nucleus duplicates itself and the cell divides into two separate, but duplicate, cells
Term
Meiosis
Definition
Gametes (egg or sperm cell) duplicates, then divides TWICE,, creating 4 cells, each having half of the genetic material of the parent cell
Term
Fertilization
Definition
Egg and sperm fuse to create a single cell, called a zygote
Term
Genotype
Definition
A person's genetic heritage: the actual genetic material
Term
Phenotype
Definition
The way an individual's genotype is observed
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