Term
| Unstimulated salivary flow |
|
Definition
70% from submandibular + sublingual glands
0.3 ml/min |
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Term
|
Definition
Mostly parotid
1.5 ml/min (5x) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Subjective sensation of dry mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
| Medications (>60% of top 200 drugs); systemic autoimmune dxs (sjogren syndrome, sarcoidosis, GVHD); many other causes |
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Term
| Clinical features of xerostomia |
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Definition
| Common, increasing prevalence w/ increasing age, thick, ropey saliva; subjective symptoms often don't correlate well w/ objective signs of xerostomia |
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Term
| Significance of xerostomia |
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Definition
| decrease lubrication (decreased ability to chew foods, and swallow); increasd candidiasis, increased caries risk, esp. root caries |
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|
Term
| Medication treatments of xerostomia |
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Definition
| Evoxac (cevimeline), salagen (pilocarpine) |
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Term
| contraindications of evoxac (cevimeline) |
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Definition
| narrow angle glaucoma, poorly controlled asthma |
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Term
| Other names for sialorrhea |
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Definition
| Hypersialia, hypersalivation, pytalism |
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Term
|
Definition
"orrhea" = discharge or flow
Sialorrhea = excess production of saliva
Drooling (saliva pooling outside mouth) NOT necessarily assoc w/ sialorrhea (often assoc w/ neurologic conditions) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Many causes, more common during pregnancy (ptyalism gravidarum) |
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Term
| Definition of ptyalism gravidarum |
|
Definition
| Esp. assoc w/ nausea and vomiting during 1st trimester; in rare cases, inceased salivation continues +/- increases until delivery |
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Term
| Specific causes of sialorrhea |
|
Definition
True increased saliva (objective): local factors (new dental prosthesis, minor intraoral irritation); organic: GERD, heavy metal poisoning, rabies, neuromuscul Subjective sensation of sialorrhea, but no increased flow: altered composition of saliva (e.g. increased viscosity); psychological, neuromuscular dysfunction (swallowing, etc.)
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Term
| Treatment for sialorrhea: |
|
Definition
| Treat cause, symptoms w/ medications (botox, radiation tx, surgical relocation of ducts); treat "patient" |
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Term
| Definition of sialadenosis |
|
Definition
| Non-neoplastic, non-inflammatory BILATERAL salivary enlargement |
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Term
|
Definition
| peripheral autonomic neuropathy, endocrine vs. nutritional vs. neurogenic |
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Term
| Specific causes of sialadenosis |
|
Definition
| Chronic alcoholism, diabetes, dietary (anorexia, bulimia, malnutrition), anti-hypertensive medications, pancreatitis |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Histopathology of sialadenosis |
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Definition
| Enlargement of individual salivary acini |
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Term
| Definition of sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
| Autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic destruction of (1) salivary glands and (2) lacrimal glands; +/- other autoimmune conditions |
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|
Term
| Etiology of sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Types of Sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only salivary and lacrimal gland involvement; aka Sicca syndrome |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Secondary sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
| Salivary and lacrimal gland involvement PLUS: assoc w/ autoimmune CT dx (mutlisystem DX): e.g. RA, e.g. scleroderma, SLE, myositis |
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|
Term
| Demographics of sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
| 0.5% of US population, 90% middle aged females, associate dwith certain HLA types |
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Term
| Clinical features of sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
| 50% have bilateral parotid enlargement, xerostomia, dry eyes ("keratoconjunctivitis sicca"), fatigue, +/- myalgia, joint pain; peripheral neuropathy |
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Term
| Significance of sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
40x increased risk of lymphoma
Xerostomia |
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Term
| Diagnostic tests for sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
Elevated ESR, ANA test
Anti-SS-A, SS-B antibodies
Minor salivary gland biopsy (e.g. lip biopsy; to confirm inflammatory destruction of minor glands)
Analysis of flow rate from lacrimal ("Schirmer test"), salivary glands
Sialography (not commonly used)
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|
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Term
| What disorder can be diagnosed with Anti-SS-A, SS-B antibodies? |
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Definition
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Term
| Clinical of benign lymphoepithelial lesions |
|
Definition
| Parotid gland enlargement |
|
|
Term
| HIV-Associated multiple LE cysts |
|
Definition
| Multiple cystic lymphoepithelial cysts of the parotid gland NOT same as lymphoepithelial lesions |
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Term
| How is sarcoidosis linked to this material? |
|
Definition
| SG involvement esp parotid gland |
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Term
| Definition of cheilitis granularis |
|
Definition
| Inflammatory condition of minor SGs of LOWER lip |
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Term
| ETiology of cheilitis glandularis |
|
Definition
| Prob related to sun damage (but NOT actinic cheilitis); +/- bacterial superinfection |
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Term
| Clinical features of cheilitis glandularis |
|
Definition
| Rare, esp. older males, lip swelling, eversion, +/- mucopurulent drainage from minor SG duct openings |
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|
Term
| Significance of cheilitis granularis |
|
Definition
Associated w/ SCCA of lip
Cosmetic concerns |
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Term
| Treatment of cheilitis glandularis |
|
Definition
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