Term
| Where are minor SGs not located? |
|
Definition
| Gingiva, anterior hard palate |
|
|
Term
| What are non-neoplastic SG disorders? |
|
Definition
| Reactive, infectious, metabolic, immune related |
|
|
Term
| Benign neoplasm disorders of SGs |
|
Definition
| Pleomorphic adenoma, monomorphic adenoma, Warthin's tumor, oncotyoma |
|
|
Term
| Malignant neoplasm disorders of SGs |
|
Definition
| Mucoepidermoid CA, adenoid cystic CA, PLGA, carcinoma ex pleomorphic |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Pathologic (abnormal) collection of salivary fluid causing a tissue mass |
|
|
Term
| Two types of mucoceles (based on histology) |
|
Definition
| Extravasation (common); retention type (uncommon) |
|
|
Term
| Other names for mucocele extravasation type |
|
Definition
| Mucus extravasation phenomenon, mucous escape reaction |
|
|
Term
| Etiology of extravasation mucocele type |
|
Definition
| Trauma, severance of mnor salivary gland duct, mucus release into surrounding CT |
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of extravasation mucocele type |
|
Definition
| COMMON, rapid onset, smooth surfaced mass, "fluid-filled" appearance, +/- blue translucency, 75% lower lip, upper lip very rare, also BM, ventral tongue, other sites; younger patients, can fluctuate in size |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of extravasation mucocele |
|
Definition
| Conservative surgical excision, removal of minor salivary glands that feed into lesion (minimize recurrence) |
|
|
Term
| Histopathology of mucocele extravasation |
|
Definition
| Mucin pool, surrounded by compressed granulation tissue (foamy macrophages, chronic inflammation), no cyst lining, eventually scarring of gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"Mucocele" of floor of mouth, usually extravasation type
Usually sublingual gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oral ranula (above mylohyoid m. = lifts tongue); plunging ranula (below mylohyoid m); mixed ranula (intraoral AND extraoral swelling) |
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of ranula |
|
Definition
| Superficial lesions = blue; lateral to midline; often teens/young adults |
|
|
Term
| Definition of superficial mucocele |
|
Definition
| Superficial (near surface) variant of mucocele (extravasation) |
|
|
Term
| Etiology of superficial mucocele |
|
Definition
| In contrast to typical mucocele, inflammation (not trauma) = etiology; e.g. lichen planus, lichenoid drug reaction, chronic GVHD |
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of superficial mucocele |
|
Definition
| Uncommon, resemble vesiculobullous lesions (think "viral") except persist longer; single, periodically rupture, esp. soft palate |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for superficial mucocele |
|
Definition
| None vs. excision, r/o SG tumor |
|
|
Term
| Other names for mucocele retention type |
|
Definition
| Mucous retention cyst, salivary duct cyst |
|
|
Term
| Etiology of mucocele retention type |
|
Definition
| Obstruction of salivary flow; sialolith, tumor, scarring of duct; pooled salivary causes expansion |
|
|
Term
| Demographics of mucocele retention type |
|
Definition
| Less common than extravasation mucocele, older patients |
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of mucocele retention type |
|
Definition
| Asymptomatic swelling, esp. floor of mouth related to submandibular duct, major glands, buccal mucosa, no Hx of trauma |
|
|
Term
| Histopathology of mucocele retention type |
|
Definition
| Epithelial-lined cyst, mucous pooling |
|
|
Term
| Etiology of sialolithiasis |
|
Definition
Calcified "stone" within SG ductal system ("lith")
Deposition of calcium salts around nidus of debris w/in duct lumen
Promoted by chronic sialadenitis and partial obstruction |
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of sialolithiasis |
|
Definition
| Esp. submandibular gland duct (long tortuous, upward path of Wharton's duct + thicker, mucoid secretions of this gland); also parotid, minor SG (lip, buccal mucosa); pain, swelling at mealtimes, +/- retrograde infections of gland |
|
|
Term
| end result of sialolithiasis |
|
Definition
| Obstruction, mucus retention cyst, chronic sclerosing sialadenitis |
|
|
Term
| radiography of sialolithiasis |
|
Definition
| Can masquerade as intrabony opacities on PA, panoramic; occlusal films helpful; NB: not all sialoliths = visible on radiographs |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of sialolithiasis |
|
Definition
| Canula insertion, surgical exposure +/- surgical removal of involved gland, lithotripsy |
|
|
Term
| Histopathology of sialolithiasis |
|
Definition
| Calcified material ("sialolith") in enlarged duct |
|
|
Term
| Definition of sialadenitis |
|
Definition
| General term for "inflammation of salivary glands", acute vs. chronic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Infectious: endemic parotitis (mumps), CMB, Bacterial: esp. if decreased salivary flow
Blockage of duct: e.g. sialolith; immune-mediated: sjogren syndrome, sarcoidosis, radiation tx |
|
|
Term
| etiology of chronic sclerosing sialadenitis |
|
Definition
| Recurrent or persistent ductal obstruction (e.g. sialoliths; extravasation-type mucoceles) |
|
|
Term
| Histology of chronic sclerosing sialadenitis |
|
Definition
| Chronic inflammatory infiltrate, acinar atrophy, ductal dilation, fibrosis |
|
|
Term
| Etiology of necrotizing sialometaplasia |
|
Definition
| Benign reactive condition (ischemic event? trauma?) |
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of necrotizing sialometaplasia |
|
Definition
| Esp. palate, starts as non-ulcerated mass, then crater-like ulcer, +/- pain, +/- antecedent swelling, mimics malignancy (e.g. T-cell lymphoma; SG tumor); self-healing 2-3 months |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of necrotizing sialometaplasia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Histopathology of necrotizing sialometaplasia |
|
Definition
| Lobular necrosis (necrosis of indiv SG lobules), preservation of lobular architecture, squamous metaplasia (islands of benign squamous epithelium, bland cytologic features), can rarely be mistaken by pathologist for malignancy |
|
|
Term
| Definition of adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor (mucous) SGs |
|
Definition
| Clinically evident nodular mass of normal mucous SG tissue, resemble "tumor" (neoplasm) |
|
|
Term
| etiology of adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor (mucous) SGs |
|
Definition
| Unknown, repetitive trauma? |
|
|
Term
| Clinical adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor (mucous) SGs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment of adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor (mucous) SGs |
|
Definition
| Biopsy to r/o other (e.g. SG tumor) |
|
|
Term
| Histopathology of adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor (mucous) salivary glands |
|
Definition
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