Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Safe Patient Handling and Mobility
NURS209 for Indiana State University
26
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
09/04/2014

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
cardiovascular benefits of mobility
Definition
  • strengthens cardiac muscle
  • increases cardiac output
  • decreases resting heart rate
  • improves venous return 
Term
Musculoskeletal benefits of mobility
Definition
  • maintains and improves muscle tone and strength
  • increaes joint flexibility and range of motion
  • maintains bone density (through weight bearing)
Term
respiratory benefits of mobility
Definition
  • improves elveolar ventilation
  • decreases breath effort 
  • improves diaphragmatic excursion
  • O2 intake increased during strenuous exercise 
Term
GI benefits of mobility
Definition
  • improves eppetite
  • increases GI tract tone, improving digestion and elimination 
Term
metabolic benefits of mobility
Definition
  • elevates basal metabolic rate
  • reduces triglycerides & cholesterol levels
  • increases use of glucose
  • increases production of body heat
  • burns excess calories 
Term
urinary benefits of mobility
Definition
  • promotes effective excretion of wastes 
  • helps prevent urine stasis in the bladder
Term
activity tolerance
Definition
reduces fatigue
Term
Psychosocial benefits of mobility
Definition
  • improves stress tolerance
  • produces a sense of well being
  • reduces depression 
  • improves body image
  • enhances quality of sleep 
  • increases energy level 
Term
musculoskeletal effects of immobility
Definition
  • osteoporosis- bone demineralization with calcium loss
  • decrease in muscle size 
  • contractures 
  • joint deformity 
  • stiffness and joint pain 
  • frozen joints
Term
cardiovascular effects of immobility
Definition
  • diminished cardiac reserve
  • rapid heart rate 
  • reduced diastolic pressure 
  • reduced coronary blood flow- may produce tachycardia and angina 
  • orthostatic (postural) hypotension 
  • peripheral venous vasodilation and stasis
  • dependent edema 
  • thrombus formation 
Term
Respiratory effects of immobility
Definition
  • decreased lung expansion and vital capacity
  • pooling of respiratory secretions 
  • inability to cough up secretions
  • decreased depth of breathing 
  • atelectasis (complete or partial collapse of a lung)
  • pneumonia 
Term
metabolic effects of immobility
Definition
  • decreased metabolic rate
  • increased protein breakdown 
  • negative nitrogen balance
  • anorexia
  • negative calcium balance 
Term
urinary effects of immobility
Definition
  • urinary stasis 
  • urinary retention and occasionally urinary incontinence 
  • urinary infection 
  • renal calculi 
Term
GI effects of immobility
Definition
  • constipation from decreased peristalsis and weakness of abdominal and perineal muscles 
Term
Integumentary effects of immobility
Definition
  • reduced skin turgor and skin breakdown 
Term
neuropsychological effects of immobility
Definition
  • low self esteem 
  • frustration
  • emotional reactins (apathy, withdrawl, anger, aggression....)
  • impaired ability to make decisions and solve problems
  • anxiety
Term
subjective assessment of mobility
Definition
  • Have you noticed any pain in your joints or muscles?
  • do you have any weakness or twitching? 
  • have you had any recent falls?
  • are you able to care for yourself?
  • do you exercise or participate in sports?
  • do you use any assistive devices? 
Term
alignment: assessment of mobility
Definition
  • maintain while sitting and standing
    • scoliosis, kyphosis
Term
balance: assessment of mobility
Definition
  • balance
    • ask the patient to sit or stand with eyes closed 
      • swaying to one side indicates inability to maintain balance 
Term
gait: assessment of mobility
Definition
  • watch the patient walk 
    • should be rythmic and eve, strides symmetric with full extension, head remains erect, body weight easily supported 
Term
joints: assessment of mobility
Definition
  • range of motion
  • evaluate each joint as it's put through its full range of motion
  • note any limitation
  • compare the right and left sides for symmetry
  • observe any nonverbal signs of discomfort
Term
muscle strength: assessment of mobility
Definition
  • measure hand strength by having the client squeeze your wrists 
  • measure foot strength by having the client pus the ball of the foot against your hand
  • have the client move arms and legs against your resistance
  • Then, grade the response 
Term

grading scale for muscle strength 

 

Definition
  • 0 - no detectable muscle contraction 
  • 1 - barely detectable contraction 
  • 2- complete range of motion or active body part movement with gravity eliminated 
  • 3 - complete range of motion or active movement against gravity
  • 4 - complete range of motion or active movement against gravity and some resistance 
  • 5 - complete range of motion or active movement against gravity and full resistance 
Term
nursing interventions for altered mobility
Definition
  • positioning 
  • turning schedule
  • ambulation
  • transferring from one surface to another
Term
symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders
Definition
  • pain
    • early stage: pain may dissappear after rest away from work 
    • intermediate stage: body part aches and feels weak soon after starting work and lasts until well after finished work
    • advanced stage: body part aches and feels weak even at rest; sleep is affected; light tasks are difficult on days off 
Term
risk factors in the work environment
Definition
  • Slippery or wet surfaces
  • uneven floor surfaces 
  • obstruction on floor surfaces
  • physical obstructions
  • space too small or difficult to access entrance way width too small 
  • poor arrangement of furnishing
  • uneven work surfaces 
  • poor bathing area design
  • poor design of chairs
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