Term
If your friend had fallen and you suspected a head, neck, or spinal injury, which airway-management technique would you have performed? |
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Definition
The jaw-thrust technique is used to open the airway of an unconscious victim or one with suspected head, neck, or spinal injuries. If the victim has been in a vehicle accident or has sustained injury from a fall or other type of incident, you should assume that a head, neck, or spinal injury may have occurred. |
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Term
If you noticed that your friend had clenched teeth but was conscious, which airway-management technique would you have performed? |
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Definition
The nasopharyngeal airway can be used to establish and/or maintain an open airway for conscious and unconscious casualties. The nasopharyngeal technique is easy to use and can be used when teeth are clenched and mouth injuries exist. |
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Term
Is the most common type of external bleeding. It is usually not serious and is the easiest form of external bleeding to control. |
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Definition
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Term
Is more serious than capillary bleeding. However, it is frequently controlled by effectively applying direct pressure. |
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Definition
| Venous (veen-us) bleeding |
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Term
| Is the most serious type of external bleeding. It is easy to identify because the blood is bright red in color and will sluggishly or rapidly spurt out of the body. This type of bleeding can lead to a large amount of blood loss in a short period of time because the blood flows at a faster rate and is less likely to clot. |
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Definition
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Term
While unloading a C-17, the Loadmaster begins sliding pallets to the pay loader. Suddenly, one pallet shifts and pins your coworker's body. Immediately, you notice a deep laceration on his forearm. Blood is everywhere, and your Buddy is screaming in pain. You need to control the bleeding and treat him. Failure to recognize and properly control bleeding may result in death. How do you treat this deep laceration? What do you try first? An IFAK is on the plane and in the truck. |
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Definition
| First try direct pressure to control the bleeding, even if it means using your bare hands on the wound. You need to treat this deep laceration before your Buddy loses more blood. |
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Term
| The cut is deep and long. You have both hands firmly applying pressure to the cut, but you are not able to control the bleeding. You tried to get your Buddy to help hold the cut, but the sight of the wound is causing him to panic more. He has already lost a great deal of blood. What do you try next? |
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Definition
| Keep both hands firmly on the laceration, applying pressure and raising the arm above the heart. Elevation coupled with direct pressure is the next method to control bleeding if direct pressure alone did not work. |
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Term
| Elevation is not controlling the bleeding; dark-red blood continues to flow steadily from the wound. The Crew Chief arrives, providing another set of hands to help. You hear sirens in the distance and are relieved to know that emergency medical assistance is coming. However, in the meantime you have to control the bleeding. What do you do next? |
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Definition
| Continue elevating the arm while applying direct pressure to the wound with both hands. Instruct the Crew Chief to locate the brachial artery and apply firm pressure. Direct pressure coupled with the use of the pressure point is the best choice in this situation. It is the next method to control bleeding if direct pressure alone did not work. |
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Term
| Insurgents have ambushed your convoy and an IED has detonated within 30 feet of your HMMWV. You have pulled both the truck commander and the gunner from the vehicle and have recognized several places where they have been hit by shrapnel. Other than a jagged cut to the outside of your right thigh, you seem to be okay. The truck commander appears okay but has an eye wound. The gunner, on the other hand, has a chest wound. |
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Definition
| Stabilize the object, and seal the wound. If an object is protruding from the chest wound, you should NEVER remove it. Stabilizing the object and sealing the wound is the appropriate course of action. |
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Term
How should a casualty with an open abdominal wound be positioned while the wound is being dressed and bandaged? |
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Definition
Casualty on the back with knees bent. This position helps to prevent further exposure of the abdominal organs, relaxes the abdominal muscles, decreases pain, and controls shock. |
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Term
| You annotate care on the Casualty Card and allow the gunner to assume a comfortable position. While you are waiting for medical assistance, you realize that the truck commander's eye needs attention. What should you do first? |
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Definition
| Use gauze and the emergency bandage from his IFAK to bandage both eyes. You should use gauze and the emergency bandage from his IFAK to bandage both eyes. Covering both eyes helps to keep them from moving, which can prevent further damage. |
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Term
While on patrol through a wooded area, your Wingman overturns his ATV. He is complaining of excruciating pain in his left forearm. You radio for assistance, but there will be a delay before help can arrive. You need to identify, prepare, and treat his injury while you await the arrival of the emergency medical personnel. You do not have any emergency aid supplies available to splint his fractured left forearm. How will you treat your Wingman’s injury in the field? |
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Definition
| Obtain splinting materials close by (branch, strips of cloth, poncho, etc.) to form an expedient splint. |
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Term
You have gathered two short branches, your poncho, and your T-shirt to apply an expedient splint. What is next? |
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Definition
| You should make sure the branches are long enough to extend beyond both the elbow and wrist joints. |
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Term
| Now that the splint has been properly applied, what should your next step be? |
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Definition
| Use of a sling and swathe will prevent further injury. |
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Term
You and your squad are performing route convoy duties. Three miles from your last checkpoint, a roadside bomb explodes on the right side of the vehicle. One of your squad members receives burns to her face and hands. What are you going to do? While assessing the burns, you determine that you must address the burn to her face first.
How do you treat this burn? |
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Definition
| Monitor her airway. Apply cool water to reduce pain. Pat dry. Apply a clean, dry dressing, and monitor for shock. Seek immediate medical attention. Burns to the face may create a burn to the respiratory tract causing difficulty breathing or completely stopping the casualty from breathing. The first step is to always apply airway management principles. |
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Term
| One afternoon while picking up debris, you notice that one of the bulldozers is running, but no one is on it. You rush over to see what's going on and find an Airman who has fallen and is now lying on the ground. He is conscious and breathing on his own but is bleeding profusely from the leg. You call for medical assistance. You have already controlled the bleeding, but he appears dazed and confused. What should you do next? You realize the Airman may be displaying signs and symptoms of shock. What should you do? |
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Definition
| Check for injuries, talk to the casualty, and prepare to get medical assistance. If you suspect spinal injuries, DO NOT elevate the lower extremities. |
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Term
| You are talking to the Airman and realize he is beginning to appear confused and anxious. Is the Airman's confusion and anxiousness a cause for concern? |
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Definition
| Yes, confusion and anxiety are indications that the Airman is in shock. Other early signs and symptoms that the Airman may exhibit are a weak pulse, and pale, cool, or clammy skin. Confusion and anxiety are signs of shock. In addition to requesting medical assistance, you should elevate the lower extremities (legs and feet) approximately 8 to 12 inches. |
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Term
| You are a part of a 10-person squad that has deployed to Kandahar, Afghanistan. After several days of extreme heat and strenuous working conditions, one of your squad members collapses. You need to identify and treat her emergency. The squad member is breathing and conscious. She complains of a severe headache and dizziness. Her mouth is dry, but it appears her body temperature is normal. |
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Definition
In any suspected heat injury you should always remove the casualty from the work or training environment as the first step in treatment. |
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Term
| You've decided she is suffering from a serious heat emergency and begin treatment. |
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Definition
| Providing water or CeraLyte® is the proper course of action in this situation. |
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Term
She's been moved to the shade, and you've lowered her body temperature significantly. What else should you do? |
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Definition
| Ensure that her remaining clothing is loose and non-restrictive. Fan her to continue the cooling process while treating for shock. Allow her to slowly drink your prepared CeraLyte. Ensure that someone is requesting medical assistance. |
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Term
| Eielsen AFB, Alaska, has been hit with a major ice and snowstorm. Electrical power is out in many parts of the town. The temperature is expected to remain in the minus 20s for the next few days. Winds are continually gusting over 25 mph. You're a member of a HMMWV patrol that is going door to door to ensure people are doing all right. At the last house, a young woman opens the door and asks you to check on her grandmother. The elderly woman is conscious and breathing but her body is cold and she's shivering. The granddaughter states that her grandmother has been complaining of being drowsy and has said several things that make little sense. What should you do? |
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Definition
| You suspect she may be experiencing symptoms of generalized hypothermia. This can include a cold body, shivering under clothing, drowsiness, and confusion. |
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Term
| You moved the elderly lady to inside the HMMWV. She has stopped shivering and is now speaking coherently. What is your next step? |
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Definition
| Continue to monitor her ABCs. Provide her with a warm liquid to slip slowly. Moving her to a warm place, monitoring the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs), and providing warm liquids are the appropriate treatment steps in this situation. |
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Term
| You’re deployed to Iraq with the Security Forces Squadron. While on afternoon patrol, you hear one of your teammates shout for help. You run to his location and find him clutching his foot and screaming in pain. He tells the team that he was bitten while putting on his boot. You check his foot and see that it’s starting to swell and there are two, distinct, bloody bite marks. The Airman is obviously suffering from a bite. What do you do? |
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Definition
Lowering his foot below his heart will decrease the spread of venom through the bloodstream. You must also clean the bite wound with water, keep him calm, and prepare to transport him to the nearest medical facility as soon as possible. |
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Term
| You're on patrol again on a hot afternoon in Iraq. The team is close to the river where there's an abundance of vegetation. While walking through the area, a member of the team shouts that she's been stung by a bee. You rush to her side and immediately see that she's having difficulty breathing and there's a stinger in her right hand. On her wrist, you notice red medical alert tags/red dog tags that indicate she has an allergy to bee venom. She tells you that she carries an epi kit to take in the event of a bee sting. What do you do? |
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Definition
| You could save her life in this situation by immediately removing the stinger, washing the area, and locating her medication. |
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Term
| You are in a convoy driving through northern Iraq transporting Iraqi volunteers to Mosul for military training. As you enter the town of Talafar, you notice that the streets are unusually quiet. There are no children running toward the convoys, demanding sweets. Your truck commander gets on the radio and warns other convoys to take extra precautions since there may be a plan to attack the vehicles. Moments later, as the convoy slows for a narrow road, an IED goes off next to one of the trucks. One of your squad members in the convoy hit his head against the side of the truck and is now unconscious. Your Buddy wakes up and states that he is all right even though his speech appears abnormal to you. What should you do? |
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Definition
| Make sure you are both safe from further fire, and seek immediate medical attention for your Buddy. |
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Term
| Midway through a lengthy convoy operation in Iraq, your driver begins to describe several problems that are bothering her. She just received a letter from her boyfriend, and she's concerned he may want to break off the relationship. To make matters worse, she has been late on several credit card payments, and now the creditors are after her. After returning from the convoy, you continue to observe her actions over the next few days and are becoming more and more concerned about her behavior. What can you do? |
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Definition
| A stress condition can be actual or perceived, and it can be altered from situation to situation. As a good Wingman, it would be appropriate for you to address her concerns. |
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Term
| While observing her actions, which of the following should be performed? |
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Definition
| You should not allow her to withdraw and separate herself from the team. As a Wingman, if you are concerned or you see a sudden change in an Airman, you should most definitely ask him or her about it. |
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Term
| You have observed that she is not eating and has become withdrawn from the other Airmen. You decide you need to take action. Which of the following is the best action to take for the current situation? |
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Definition
| At this point, gaining her confidence and expressing your concern may be all that it takes to help her back on track. If she does not want to talk or talking does not seem to help, you may want to contact your/her supervisor and express your concerns for her well-being. |
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Term
Your convoy has been hit by an IED. There are many casualties and it is suspected that the IED was enhanced with Soman, a nerve agent. One of your squad members is exhibiting symptoms of exposure, including difficulty breathing, drooling, and watery eyes. He begins to appear disoriented and it appears that his symptoms are worsening. What should you do? |
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Definition
| Mask the casualty and prepare to administer buddy aid immediately. |
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Term
The casualty is now masked in the recovery position. The individual is very thin with a small frame. You are preparing the first autoinjection of ATNAA. |
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Definition
You will inject the ATNAA in the upper, outer buttocks, where muscle is more dense. |
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Term
| After several minutes and assisting with other casualties, you begin to exhibit signs and symptoms of exposure yourself and determine that self-aid is necessary. While preparing the injection site, you accidentally inject your finger for a few seconds. |
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Definition
| This injection will not be effective treatment. Prepare another injection immediately. |
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