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S4 - Path - Nine - Gastric Dysplasias and CA
Ross University School of Medicine - Semester 4
18
Pathology
Professional
02/15/2010

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Define heterotopia related to the stomach and pancreas.
Definition

Pancretic rests located in the pylorus become inflamed which leads to obstruction.

 

Gastric rests in the duodenum undergo peptic ulceration leading to bleeding.

Term

This developmental disorder of the stomach is seen more often in males and is associated with Turnurs, Trisomy 18 and esophageal atresia.

 

It usually presents with projectile vomiting at 2-3 weeks of age.

Definition
Pyloric Stenosis
Term
What are two causes of intralumenal concretions?
Definition

Phytobezoar - plant material

Trichobezoar hair

Term
This disease is characterized by the hyperplasia of the mucous cells and loss of proteins in gastric secretions leading to hypoproteinemia. It is all due to too much TGF-alpha.
Definition

Menetrier Disease

 

The total weight of the stomach is increased due to increase in rugae size. This makes the stomach surface look more like a brain.

Term
Hyperplasia of gastric parietal cells due to a gastrinoma.
Definition
Zollinger-ellison syndrome.
Term
Heavy NSAID use, excess EtOH, smoking, stress and trauma can all cause what?
Definition
Acute gastritis
Term
What is the MCC of chronic gastritis?
Definition

H. pylori

 

Can also be autoimmune

Term
What are three virulance factors of H. pylori that lead to chronic gastritis?
Definition

Urease

Flagella and Adhesins

Local Toxins (CagA) - cytotoxin-associated gene A

Term

Your patient has some N/V, hypochlorhydria, and slightly elevated gastrin.

 

What is the causative agent of the chronic gastritis?

Definition
H. pylori
Term

Your patient has achlorhydria and hypergastrinemia and signs of perniciuos anemia.

 

What is the causative agent of the chronic gastritis?

Definition
Autoimmune
Term
This etiology is responsible for ALL duodenal ulcers. It produces urease which makes NH3 with decreases mucous which tells neutrophils to come over and start myeloperoxidasing all over the place which is cytotoxic. They also produce PAF which leads to thrombosis and ischemia.
Definition
H. pylori
Term
What pathology do you see commonly in patients with achlorhydria, atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia.
Definition
Hyperplastic polyps
Term
What type of semi-benign neoplasm is associated with chronic gastritis or familial polyposis?
Definition
Adenoma
Term
Your patient, Gerard Butler loves smoked sea bass, hates salads, has stomach ulcers, possibly from H. pylori, and is blood type A. What should you tell him his at risk for?
Definition
Gastric carcinoma.
Term
What are some signs that a gastric carcinoma has changed from the early form to the advanced form?
Definition

Has extended beyond the submucosa

Supraclavicular node

Krukenberg tumor

Term
Signet ring, linitis plastica, infiltrating pattern.
Definition
Gastric carcinoma
Term
This is the most common mesenchymal abdominal neoplasm.
Definition
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Term
There is a tyrosine kinase called c-KIT (no relation to Knight Rider) which can get mutatated. What can this lead to?
Definition

GIST

 

c-KIT - CD117

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