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Details

S3.M2.Pharm6-8
Anti-Neoplastic Drugs
32
Pharmacology
Professional
06/23/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Methotrexate*
Definition

antidote:

LEUCOVORIN--> (folinic acid) to rescue host cells while cancer cells are less affected

Term
5-fluorouracil*
Definition
Term
cyclophosphamide*
Definition

antidotes:

MESNA--> (2 mercaptoethane sulphonate) conjugates toxic metabolites such as acrolein in the urine and helps to reduce the chemical cystitis.

DEMECLOCYCLINE--> blocks the effects of ADH

Term
cisplatin*
Definition

antidote:

AMIFOSTINE--> generates active thiol metabolites, which scavenge free radicals

Term
anastrozole*
Definition
Term
doxorubicin*
Definition

antidotes:

DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE--> swabbed onto free radical induced ulcers to stop production

DEXRAZOXANE-->an iron chelator , reduces the cardiomyopathy damage induced by doxorubicin

 

Term
bleomycin*
Definition
Term
asparaginase*
Definition
Term
vincristine*
Definition
Term
vinblastine,*
Definition
Term
paclitaxel*
Definition
Term
tamoxifen*
Definition
Term
trastuzumab*
Definition
Term
prednisone*
Definition
Term
daunorubicin*
Definition
Term
cytarabine**
Definition
antimetabolite ;DOC for AML; MOA :-blocks DNA strand elongation;neurotoxic
Term
capecitabine**
Definition
Oral prodrug, converted to 5-fluorouracil. It inhibits thymidylate synthase. Useful for paclitaxel and doxorubicin - resistant patients with colorectal or metastatic breast cancers
Term
carmustine**
Definition
alkylating agent - toxic to the CNS-used for CNS cancers
Term
etoposide**
Definition
Stabilizes the topoisomerase II-DNA complex causing double strand DNA breaks during DNA replication. Dose limiting leukopenia. Treats first time, and metastatic testicular cancer
Term
topotecan**
Definition
UniqueTopoisomerase 1 inhibitor, preventing religation of bits of helices; causes accumulation of single stranded breaks in DNA. Dose -limiting neutropenia
Term
temazolamide**
Definition
Term
flutamide**
Definition
Nonsteroidal androgen antagonist (NSAA )which inhibits the translocation of steroid receptors to the nucleus . 5-alpha reductase inhibitor-inhibits synthesis of dihydrotestosterone .Both used to treat prostate cancer
Term
finasteride**
Definition
Nonsteroidal androgen antagonist (NSAA )which inhibits the translocation of steroid receptors to the nucleus . 5-alpha reductase inhibitor-inhibits synthesis of dihydrotestosterone .Both used to treat prostate cancer
Term
leuprolide**
Definition
GnRH analogues which acts as a partial agonists at GnRH receptors. When administered in constant doses to maintain stable blood levels, it inhibit the release of LH and FSH. Used in the treatment of prostate cancer
Term
rituximab**
Definition
This is an unconjugated chimeric(murine/human)antiCD20 monoclonal antibody which binds to the CD20 antigen on follicular B cells in Non Hodgkins lymphoma
Term
fulvestrant**
Definition
Antiestrogen for hormone-sensitive tumors
Term
Imatinib mesylate**
Definition
Inhibits bcr-abl tyrosine kinase found in chronic myelocytic leukemia(CML)
Term
dactinomycin**
Definition
Term
Hydroxyurea**
Definition
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase ; stops conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides.;for myeloproliferative disorders
Term
what are the two major categories of anticancer drugs?
Definition
CYTOTOXIC DRUGS- effect both cancer and normal cells-->especially dividing cells
NEWER DRUGS-target entities in the cancer cells which are absent or different in normal cells
Term
how is RESISTANCE developed in cancer cells vs. drugs that first need to be activated before affects are seen?
Definition
resistance is achieved when cancer cell can limit/stop ACTIVATING ENZYME
Term
what is DOSE LIMITING TOXICITY?
Definition
Drug toxicity towards a particular organ is so serious that it puts a limit on the dose of that drug that may be used in treatment--> DOXORUBICIN in the heart
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