Term
| ***what is the MOA of GLUCOCORTICOIDS?*** guaranteed test question |
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Definition
| ***alter gene expression (not COX 1 or 2 or PLC) |
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Term
| what is the BIOAVAILABILITY of NSAIDS? |
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Definition
ASPIRIN- 70%
SALICYLIC ACID-100% |
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Term
| what is the MOA of NSAIDS? |
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Definition
-most are REVERSIBLE COMPETITIVE INHIBITORS of COX 1, 2 or both
-ASPIRIN IRREVERSIBLY inhibits COX 1 & 2 |
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Term
| what are the three main PHARMACOLOGICAL functions of NSAIDS? |
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Definition
-anti inflammatory--> inhibit PROSTIGLANDIN and THROMBOXANE synthesis
-antipyretic->via PG block on HYPOTHALAMUS
-analgesic ->inhibit PG influence on pain receptors |
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Term
| common SIDE EFFECTS of NSAIDS? |
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Definition
-Headaches
-tinnitus (ear ringing)**
-dizziness
-fluid retention hypertension
-edema |
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Term
| do SALICYLATES cross the BBB? |
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Definition
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Term
| discuss metabolism and clearance of NSAIDS? |
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Definition
| highly metabolized by the liver and excreted via the kidney |
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Term
| is SALICYLIC ACID more highly excreted in acidic or basic urine? |
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Definition
| basic (high pH=high excretion) |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: CNS? |
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Definition
| low/med dose - antipyretic, analgesic High dose - CN VIII(stimulates), chemoreceptors, cortical & subcortical |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: RESPIRATION? |
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Definition
-STIMULATES via medulla
-toxic doses causes opposite** |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: CVS? |
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Definition
| dilation of peripheral vessels, ↑plasma volume up to 20% |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: KIDNEYS? |
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Definition
| ↓GFR(higher doses), acute renal failure in compromised |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: BLOOD? |
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Definition
| low dose (↓platelets for 7-8 days because platelets aren't cells, cant make more COX enzymes to replace the bound ones), high(sideropenia , hypoprothrominemia) |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: GI? |
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Definition
-stomach (erosive gastritis)
-liver (bile secretion)
-acid/base--> high doses -> resp alkalosis
--> toxic dose ->resp and metabolic acidosis |
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Term
| pharmacologic effects of SALICYLATES: METABOLISM? |
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Definition
all high dose effects:
-hyperthermia--> ox phos proton uncoupling -hypoglycemia -->insulin stimulation -hyperglycemia and glycosuria-->adrenal release and glycogenolysis
-hyperkalemia -->↑K+ reabsorption in kidneys |
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Term
| ***what are the only SALICYLATES that can be used to treat the inflammation caused by CROHN'S DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS?*** |
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Definition
| Sulfysalizine --> others are contraindicated as they can further irritate GI ulcerations |
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Term
| what is the least effective NSAID for treating ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are some PROPHYLACTIC uses of salicylates? |
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Definition
-MI
-stable angina
-atrial fib
-arterial thromboembolism
-transient ischemic attack |
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Term
|
Definition
-used for Erectile dysfunction
-keeps DUCTUS ARTERIOSIS OPEN
-A/E can cause penile pain and prolonged erection |
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Term
|
Definition
Use: 2nd trimester abortion, post partum hemorrhage
A/E: vomiting, ↑body temp |
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Term
|
Definition
Use: 2nd trimester abortion (benign
hydatiform mole), Ripening of cervix |
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Term
|
Definition
Use: pulmonary hypertension
A/E: flushing, headache, hypotension |
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Term
|
Definition
Use: Open angle glaucoma (latinos get more glaucoma)
A/E: conjuctivitis, brown pigmentation of iris |
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Term
|
Definition
| Use: NSAID‐induced peptic ulcer, cramping, diarrhea, bone pain |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
potent COX inhibitor
CLOSES PDA (ibuprofen also) |
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