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S3.M1.Pharm11
Anti-adrenergic Drugs
23
Pharmacology
Professional
05/27/2010

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Cards

Term
alpha blockers
Definition
phenoxybenzamine
praxosin
tamsulosin
Term
beta blockers-nonselective
Definition
propanolol
pindolol
timolol
sotalol
Term
beta blockers-selective
Definition
atenolol
metoprolol
esmolol
Term
alpha beta blockers
Definition
labetalol
Term
indirect acting antiadrenergic drugs
Definition
metyrosine
Term
what is different about the way PHENOXYBENZAMINE binds compared to other alpha blockers?
Definition
binds irreversibly
Term
what is the DURATION OF ACTION of PHENOXYBENZAMINE?
Definition
~7 days --> bind alpha receptors IRREVERSIBLY, takes time for receptors to regenerate
Term
what receptors are the strongest mediators of PROSTATIC SMOOTH MUSCLES? what drug is used to block these receptors?
Definition
alpha 1, tamsulosin
Term
vessels in which part of the body are particularly sensitive to ALPHA 1 control and therefore strongly regulated by alpha blockers?
Definition
skin/mucosa, abdominal viscera, salivary glands, renal (less)
Term
why are patients that are prescribed ALPHA 1 BLOCKERS often asked to take the medication at night?
Definition
can cause POSTURAL HYPOTENSION which leads to brains ischemia-->fainting upon standing
Term
what are the adverse affects of ALPHA RECEPTOR AGONISTS regarding urination and sexual performance?
Definition
-urinary frequency and incontinence
-sexual dysfunction-->inhibition of ejaculation
Term
what is OVERFLOW INCONTINANCE? why are alpha antagonists used to overcome this symptom?
Definition
-prostatic hyperplasia blocks bladder outflow until bladder gets very full and pressure overcomes prostate pressure-->bladder only voids partially which leaves constant desire to urinate

-alpha antagonists relax prostatic smooth muscle
Term
what is the DURATION OF ACTION of PHENOXYBENZAMINE?
Definition
~7 days --> bind alpha receptors IRREVERSIBLY, takes time for receptors to regenerate
Term
what receptors are important in the production of AQUEOUS HUMOR? what drug is used to control this?
Definition
beta 2 receptors, TIMOLOL used as a beta antagonist for glaucoma
Term
what are beta 1 effects on the KIDNEY?
Definition
increase release of RENIN--> increased ALDOSTERONE
Term
what are the effects of chronic use of BETA BLOCKERS on VLDL and HDL?
Definition
increase in VLDL and decrease in HDL after CHRONIC USE (mechanism unknown)
Term
why shouldn't BETA BLOCKERS be stopped abruptly?
Definition
because use of BETA BLOCKERS causes upregulation of beta receptors which would cause high bloop pressure if beta blockers were stopped suddenly (rebound effect)
Term
***BETA BLOCKERS cause sexual dysfunction in males with chronic use***
Definition
Term
why are PARTIAL AGONISTS thought of as ANTAGONISTS?
Definition
because they are weaker stimulators that are taking the place of a stronger agonist and are therefore acting as an antagonist
Term
how is ESMOLOL administered?
Definition
PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION (through the skin or mucous membranes)
Term
what is the effect of SOTALOL?
Definition
pronounced K+ channel blocking activity --> increases QRS complex
Term
what is an adverse effect of BETA BLOCKERS on the CNS?
Definition
INSOMNIA is common--> 15%
Term
which enzyme does METYROSINE inhibit?
Definition
tyrosine hydroxylase
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