Term
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Definition
| Low sperm count less than 20 million |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| slow moving or sluggish sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| irregularly shaped sperm (head/neck/tail malformed) |
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Term
| Can mumps affect the testes? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does Klinefelter syndrome cause infertility? |
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Definition
| XXY, causing the destruction of the lining of the seminiferous tubules leading to infertility |
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Term
| How does kartagners syndrome cause infertility |
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Definition
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Term
| CAn a high fever cause infertility? |
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Definition
| Yes, because it alters the temperature in the testes, causing overheating |
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Term
| What is the most common reason of male infertility? |
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Definition
| sperm abnormalities cause 90% |
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Term
| What is retrograde ejaculation? |
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Definition
| failure of urinary bladder wall to function properly. The failure of the internal sphincter of the bladder to constrict. sperm are ejaculated into the bladder and not down the urethra |
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Term
| Waht is the Dx for retrograde ejaculation? |
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Definition
| post ejaculatory urine sample for sperm presence |
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Term
| How do Dx for sperm abnormalities? |
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Definition
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Term
| what can cause retrograde ejaculation? |
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Definition
1. bladder or prostate surgery
2. diabettes or MS
3. drugs (antihypertensive, antipsychotic, antiepileptic, tranquilizers
4. spinal injury or surgery
5. aging in male |
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Term
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Definition
| failure of testes to descend |
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Term
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Definition
| when the mouth of the urethra is within the penis |
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Term
| how to dx an anatomical abnormality |
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Definition
| physical examination, x-ray, mri, sonography |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| decreased LH and FSH production |
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Term
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Definition
| elevated prolactin levels which can be caused from tumor... high prolactin inhibits the hypothalamus causing no GnRH and no FSH or LH |
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Term
| How to dx hormonal imbalance for infertility? |
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Definition
| blood hormone investigations |
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Term
| How does cystic fibrosis affect infertility in males? |
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Definition
| male can have blocked or missing vas deferens |
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Term
| How does polycystic kidney disease cause infertility |
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Definition
| there are large cysts on kidneys and can be on other organs as well...and if they are onthe testes this will cause infertility |
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Term
| what is the number one cause of female infertility? |
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Definition
| pelvic inflammatory disease |
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Term
| What is pelvic inflammatory disease? |
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Definition
| inflammation of the pelvic region... affects fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, intestine, appendix. Is caused by STDs, ruptured appendix, non-sterile abortion... leads to scar tissue and tube damage |
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Term
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Definition
| the second common cause of female infertility... benign growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus |
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Term
| How does polycycstic ovarian syndrome lead to infertility? |
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Definition
(POS) is characterized by:
high levels of testosterone and LH and low levels of FSH and progesterone. resulting in immature eggs leading to cyst formation ... can result from obesity, diabetes type II and insulin resistance |
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Term
| How does hyperprolactinemia contribute to female infertility? |
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Definition
| inhibition of the hypothalamus so no LH or FSH production and thus no ovulation |
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Term
| What is premature ovarian failure? |
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Definition
| Premature ovarian failure leads to early menopauses between the ages of 30-40 years of age. Insufficient of pituitary, thyroid or adrenal hormones, also found in turners syndrome (X), fragile X syndrome absence of Fmr1 protein, ovarian cancer and cancer therapy, autoimmune diseases |
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