Shared Flashcard Set

Details

S25-Quiz #3
vocab and concepts
30
Music
Undergraduate 2
05/13/2012

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
desa, kala, patra
Definition
  • Balinese concept that helps maintain cultural identity
  • proper place/time for every activity
  • place-natural surroundings and spatial orientation
  • time-overlapping calendats
Term
Pancayadnya
Definition
  • religious ceremonies
  • living
  • dead
  • gods
  • demons
  • sages
Term
odalan
Definition
  • for temples' inauguration
  • every 210 calendar days
  • purification and exorcism
  • invitation for demons to enter and be escorted out
  • invitation to gods and ancestors
  • entertainment period
  • gods' sendoff
Term
rame
Definition
  • boisterous full atmosphere
  • essential for success
  • active participation of whole community
Term
kaja
Definition
  • mountain
  • inward
  • cardinal north
  • closter to gods and purity
Term
kelod
Definition
  • toward sea
  • outward
  • cardinal south
  • demonic forces
Term
banjar
Definition
  • local community identity
Term
Majapahit kingdom
Definition
  • Bali part of in mid-14th century
  • Java's last Hindu empire
  • Hindu-Javanese nobles moved to Bali after fall to Demak
  • musical traditions traced to Gelgel (pinnacle of Balinese arts after fall)
Term
Mahabharata & Ramayana
Definition
  • Indian epics
  • cultural icons of SE Asia
  • enacted in most forms of performance arts
  • stories tell of Hindu pantheon from mythological times
  • major role in theatrical arts of Bali
Term
Wali
Definition
  • sacred
  • performances in religious ceremonies
Term
bebali
Definition
  • ceremonial
  • in middle courtyard
  • god and human audience
Term
balih-balihan
Definition
  • secular
  • outside temple or in outer courtyard
  • human entertainment
Term
problems with Balinese art categories
Definition
  • no "secular" arts in Bali
  • wali and bebali distinction due to common Sanskrit root (meaning offering)
Term
paired tuning
Definition
  • Balinese gamelan timbre  described as “pulsating” or “shimmering” 
  • Each instrument a pair of metallophones is tuned slightly apart from its partner instrument
  • When played together the higher instrument, known as the “inhaler,” and the lower, the “exhaler”, create this pulsating effect
Term
ombak
Definition
  •  wave
  • When there is more than one of a single instrument, the inhalers are all tuned alike and the exhalers are all tuned alike
  • The Balinese term for vebrato evoking the ocean image as well as breath
  • also used to describe the pulsating reverberation of the gong

 

Term
nding, ndong, ndeng, ndung, ndang
Definition
  • five names of the pitches for Balinese scale
  • Each syllable notated w/a Balinese symbol

 

Term
gamelan gong kebyar
Definition
  • created in Bali in 1915
  • expresses “explosive” Gong kebyar is tuned to pentatonic, pelog-derived scale called selisi
  • at the time of inception of gong kebyar many older, seven-tone gamelan were melted down to reuse the bronze to make new, five-tone selisir keybar ensembles

 

Term
"suka duka"
Definition
Balinese expression often used to describe the spirit of interaction in all sorts of community organizations
Term
sekaha organizations
Definition
These community organizations exist for rice cultivation, neighborhood decision making, religious ceremonies, and music making. 
Term
pokok
Definition
  • basic melody
  • foundation consists of repeating melodic cycles and their variants.
Term
kotekan
Definition
  • communal way of playing an elaborating part
  • musicians rely on partner to complete the composite melody
Term
polos/sangsih
Definition
  • gangsa interlocking figuration consists of two complementary parts
  • polos (“basic” maine part) usually plays on the beat
  • sangsih (“differing”) fits into the spaces between polos notes. 

 

Term
gaya
Definition
  • Balinese term for charisma and showing off
  • In music, implies extroverted display of virtuosity, confidence, and style.
Term
topeng
Definition
masked dancer
Term
calonarang
Definition
  • dance drama enacting the battle between the evil witch Rangda and the barong
  • often done in graveyards for exorcistic purposes and involving trance

 

Term
Barong dance drama
Definition
  • intrinsic part of the calonarang dance drama
  • has its own set of stories.
Term
wayang kulit
Definition
  • shadow puppets made of rawhide
  • puppets are intricately carved and silhouetted against a screen lit by the flame of a flickering coconut oil lamp.
Term
gamelan gender wayang
Definition
  • ritualistic performances
Term
taksu
Definition
  • divine inspiration and “shifting focal points"
  • overcomes performers during the act of performance
  • do not always attain this inner state, but it is the desired one
  • unaware of what they say or do
  • different experience from going into trance.

 

Term
kecak
Definition
  • performed by a group of men, sometimes numbering in the hundreds, representing monkey armies
  • a few male and female principal dancers 
  • Seated in concentric circles, “monkeys” provide interlocking cak over a sung melodic line led by a narrator
  • always performed outdoors at night around a fire, often in a forest setting outside a temple.
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