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UMB Rythm Disorders
Rythm Disorders - PHAR550
38
Pharmacology
Professional
01/14/2014

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Cards

Term
Class I antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel
Definition
Sodium channel blockers
Term
List approved Class I antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Disopyramide
Flecainide
Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Procainamide
Propafenone
Quinidine
Term
Class II antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel
Definition
Beta blockers
Term
List approved Class II antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Esmolol
Metoprolol
Propranolol
Term
Class III antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel
Definition
Potassium channel blockers
Term
List approved Class III antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Amiodarone
Dofetillide
Dronedarone
Soatol
Term
Class IV antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel
Definition
Calcium channel blockers
Term
List approved Class IV antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Diltiazem Verapamil
Term
List two "other" approved antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Adenosine Digoxin
Term
MOA of antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Prevent reentry by converting unidirectional block to a bidirectional block
Term
MOA of Class IA (Na+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Slows phase 0 depolarization in ventricular muscle fibers
Term
MOA of Class IB (Na+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Shorten phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle fibers
Term
MOA of Class IC (Na+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Markedly slows phase 0 depolarization in ventricular muscle fibers
Term
MOA of Class II (B-blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Inhibits phase 4 depolarization in SA and AV node
Term
MOA of Class III (K+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Prolong phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle fibers
Term
MOA of Class IV (CCB) antiarrhythmia drugs
Definition
Inhibits action potential in SA and AV node
Term
How does a sodium channel open?
Definition
4 domains must all be activated.

Each domain undergoes a conformation change when active

The channel stays open for a few milliseconds

Inactivation of domain 3 and 4 close the channel
Term
List approved Class IA antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide
Term
List approved Class IB antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocalmide
Term
List approved Class IC antiarrhythmia drugs (2013)
Definition
Flecainide, propafenone
Term
Class II (B-blocker) antiarrhythmia drugs are used to treat
Definition
Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation
AV nodal reentry tachycardia
Term
Which is the only class of antiarrhythmia drugs associated with QT prolongation?
Definition
Class 3 (K+ channel blockers)
Term
List the four basic electrophysiological properties of heart tissue
Definition
Conductivity
Automaticity
Refactoriness
Excitability
Term
What is the path of electricity in the heart?
Definition
1. SA Node
2. AV Node
3. Bundle of HIS
4. The 3 Bundle branches
5 Purkinje fibers
Term
Describe the movement of ions during a cardiac action potential (4 phases)
Definition
0 - Na+ in
1 Repolarization (Cl- in/K+ out)
2 Plateau (Ca++ in/K+ out)
3 Rapid repolarization (K+ out)
4 Resting potential
Term
The height of phase O of the ventricular action potential represents what in an ECG?
Definition
Width of the QRS
Term
Considering the ventricular action potential phases 1-3, in which would early depolarization be more likely?
Definition
3 - as the absolute refactory period comes to a close a lesser voltage spike would be required to initiate early depo
Term
In an ECG read out QRS represents what action
Definition
Ventricular muscle contraction
Term
What part of the EKG shows depolarization of the sinus node?
Definition
None
Term
The term dysrhythmia represents
Definition
1. a disturbance of impulse formation
2. A disturbance of impulse conduction
Term
Identify 4 principle mechanisms of arrythmias
Definition
1. Altered automaticity
2. Triggered automaticity
3. Reentry (major mech)
4. Stimulation during space between end of QRS and P wave
Term
Most common mechanism of arrythmias?
Definition
Reentry
Term
3 ways in which automaticity is altered (reduction of pacemaker )
Definition
1. Slowed diastolic depolarization
2. Production of diastolic hyperpolarization
3. Increased threshold level
Term
What 3 conditions are required for reentry to occur?
Definition
1. potential for a loop circuit
2. a zone of unidirectional block
3. a zone of slowed conduction
Term
Abnormal conduction (reentry) is commonly caused by (VICE)...
Definition
1. ischemia
2. valve disease
3. cardiac surgery
4 electrolyte imbalance
Term
What are 4 possible effects of reentry (VASE)?
Definition
1. Premature atrial depolarization
2. Supraventricular tachycardia
3. Ventricular tachycardia
4. Arrhythmia in preexcitiation syndromes?
Term
Mechanisms resulting in dysrhythmia include, but are not limited to...well maybe they are.
Definition
Ischemia/hypoxia
Acid-Base/electrolyte abnormalities
Autonomic issues
Catecholamines
Drugs
Overstretched fibers (HF)
Scarred tissue (MI)
Term
Why do dysrhythmias cause dizziness/syncope?
Definition
Filling time is too short
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