Term
| Class I antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel |
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Definition
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Term
| List approved Class I antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
Disopyramide
Flecainide
Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Procainamide
Propafenone
Quinidine |
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Term
| Class II antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel |
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Definition
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Term
| List approved Class II antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
Esmolol
Metoprolol
Propranolol |
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Term
| Class III antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel |
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Definition
| Potassium channel blockers |
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Term
| List approved Class III antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
Amiodarone
Dofetillide
Dronedarone
Soatol |
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Term
| Class IV antiarrhythmia drugs block what type channel |
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Definition
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Term
| List approved Class IV antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
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Term
| List two "other" approved antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
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Term
| MOA of antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Prevent reentry by converting unidirectional block to a bidirectional block |
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Term
| MOA of Class IA (Na+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Slows phase 0 depolarization in ventricular muscle fibers |
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Term
| MOA of Class IB (Na+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Shorten phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle fibers |
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Term
| MOA of Class IC (Na+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Markedly slows phase 0 depolarization in ventricular muscle fibers |
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Term
| MOA of Class II (B-blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Inhibits phase 4 depolarization in SA and AV node |
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Term
| MOA of Class III (K+ channel blockers) antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Prolong phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle fibers |
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Term
| MOA of Class IV (CCB) antiarrhythmia drugs |
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Definition
| Inhibits action potential in SA and AV node |
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Term
| How does a sodium channel open? |
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Definition
4 domains must all be activated.
Each domain undergoes a conformation change when active
The channel stays open for a few milliseconds
Inactivation of domain 3 and 4 close the channel |
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Term
| List approved Class IA antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
| Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide |
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Term
| List approved Class IB antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
| Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocalmide |
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Term
| List approved Class IC antiarrhythmia drugs (2013) |
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Definition
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Term
| Class II (B-blocker) antiarrhythmia drugs are used to treat |
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Definition
Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation
AV nodal reentry tachycardia |
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Term
| Which is the only class of antiarrhythmia drugs associated with QT prolongation? |
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Definition
| Class 3 (K+ channel blockers) |
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Term
| List the four basic electrophysiological properties of heart tissue |
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Definition
Conductivity
Automaticity
Refactoriness
Excitability |
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Term
| What is the path of electricity in the heart? |
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Definition
1. SA Node
2. AV Node
3. Bundle of HIS
4. The 3 Bundle branches
5 Purkinje fibers |
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Term
| Describe the movement of ions during a cardiac action potential (4 phases) |
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Definition
0 - Na+ in
1 Repolarization (Cl- in/K+ out)
2 Plateau (Ca++ in/K+ out)
3 Rapid repolarization (K+ out)
4 Resting potential |
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Term
| The height of phase O of the ventricular action potential represents what in an ECG? |
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Definition
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Term
| Considering the ventricular action potential phases 1-3, in which would early depolarization be more likely? |
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Definition
| 3 - as the absolute refactory period comes to a close a lesser voltage spike would be required to initiate early depo |
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Term
| In an ECG read out QRS represents what action |
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Definition
| Ventricular muscle contraction |
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Term
| What part of the EKG shows depolarization of the sinus node? |
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Definition
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Term
| The term dysrhythmia represents |
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Definition
1. a disturbance of impulse formation
2. A disturbance of impulse conduction |
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Term
| Identify 4 principle mechanisms of arrythmias |
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Definition
1. Altered automaticity
2. Triggered automaticity
3. Reentry (major mech)
4. Stimulation during space between end of QRS and P wave |
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Term
| Most common mechanism of arrythmias? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 ways in which automaticity is altered (reduction of pacemaker ) |
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Definition
1. Slowed diastolic depolarization
2. Production of diastolic hyperpolarization
3. Increased threshold level |
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Term
| What 3 conditions are required for reentry to occur? |
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Definition
1. potential for a loop circuit
2. a zone of unidirectional block
3. a zone of slowed conduction |
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Term
| Abnormal conduction (reentry) is commonly caused by (VICE)... |
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Definition
1. ischemia
2. valve disease
3. cardiac surgery
4 electrolyte imbalance |
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Term
| What are 4 possible effects of reentry (VASE)? |
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Definition
1. Premature atrial depolarization
2. Supraventricular tachycardia
3. Ventricular tachycardia
4. Arrhythmia in preexcitiation syndromes? |
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Term
| Mechanisms resulting in dysrhythmia include, but are not limited to...well maybe they are. |
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Definition
Ischemia/hypoxia
Acid-Base/electrolyte abnormalities
Autonomic issues
Catecholamines
Drugs
Overstretched fibers (HF)
Scarred tissue (MI) |
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Term
| Why do dysrhythmias cause dizziness/syncope? |
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Definition
| Filling time is too short |
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