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| In Spanish, the s_____ve is always used in the s____ate clause when 1)the verb in the main clause expresses any kind of emotion such as happiness, pity, hope, surprise, fear, etc. and 2) the subjects in both clauses are different from each other. |
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(verb of emotion-triggers subjunctive)
alegrarse (de) |
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| to be happy, to be pleased |
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(verb of emotion)
lamentar |
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(verb of emotion)
sorprenderse (de) |
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| surprise/to be surprised (of) |
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| (Yo) espero que (Elena) pue__ ir al cine |
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| (Él) teme que (nosotros) no pod____s ir al cine |
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| In both verbs of emotion and impersonal expressions of emotion, the subject of the subordinate clause must be different from the main clause. If it is not, then the i______e is used |
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| (Yo) espero po___ ir al cine |
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| poder [I hope to be able to go to the movies] |
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| (Ella) teme no pod__ ir al cine. |
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(Ella) teme no poder ir al cine.
She is afraid she won't be able to go to the movies. |
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¿Cuánto nos van a dar ellos para la fiesta de Navidad?
Esper__ que nos d__ (dar) unos cincuenta dólares.
Temo que no pue___n (poder) darnos tanto |
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Espero, den, puedan
(How much are they going to give us for the Christmas party? I hope they give us about fifty dolarrs. I'm afraid the can't give us that much." |
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| When an expression denotes emotion in the main clause of a sentence, the _____ is required in the subordinate clause if it contains a subject that is either expressed or i_____t (in other words.. an emotional "phrase" still goes by the same rules as an emotional "verb" (again, "que" is usually present) |
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(phrase triggering subjunctive)
es de esperar |
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(phrase triggering subjunctive)
es lamentable |
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(phrase triggering subjunctive)
es sorprendente |
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(phrase triggering subjunctive)
es (una) lástima |
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(phrase triggering subjunctive)
ojalá |
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| it's to be hoped, if only ... |
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(phrase triggering subjunctive)
es una suerte |
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| Es una lástima que Jorge no ____ (poder) ir con nosotros a la Misa del Gallo. |
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| pueda [It's a pity that Jorge can't go with us to Midnight Mass. |
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| Ojalá que Alberto ____ (estar) libre y ____ (poder) ir. |
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| esté, pueda [It's to be hoped that Alberto is free and can go.] |
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| Subjunctives with verbs of emotion require that the subject of the _____ clause must be d______ from the main clause for the subjunctive to be used. If there is no change of subject, the _____ is used. |
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| subordinate, different, infinitive |
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| I_______l ex_______ns do not have a specific person or thing as the subject. In English we use the non-specific “it”, but in Spanish the pronoun is omitted. |
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